Iron　nitrides　with　the　merits　of　high　theoretical　capacities,　cost-effectiveness,　and　good　electronic/ionic　conductivity　have　been　recognized　as　attractive　anode　candidates　for　lithium-ion　batteries　(LIBs).　Carbon　compositing,　pore　engineering,　and　nanostructure　construction　have　proved　to　be　effective　strategies　to　prepare　high-performance　metal　nitride　anodes　for　LIBs.　Herein,　we　synthesized　a　series　of　Fe3N-embedded　and　N-doped　carbon　nanorods　(Fe3N@NCNR)　with　a　hierarchical　porous　system　and　controllable　topography　by　metal-catalyzed　graphitization-nitridization　of　the　Fe(III)-triazole　framework　(Fe-MOF)　and　thermal　evaporation　of　the　triblock　copolymer　F127　template　assembled　in　Fe-MOF　via　hydrogen　bonding　interaction,　followed　by　the　air　oxidation　and　urea-assisted　ammonolysis　processes.　The　Fe3N@NCNR　as　anodes　for　LIBs　display　extraordinary　lithium　storage　capabilities　with　a　high　reversible　capacity　of　830　mA　h　g-1　at　0.1　C,　a　good　rate　performance　of　576　mAh　g-1　at　5　C,　and　a　long-term　cycling　stability　of　742　mA　h　g-1　over　600　cycles　at　1　C.　Such　outstanding　performance　benefits　from　the　spongy　carbon　nanorods　with　rich　macropores　for　rapid　electronic/ionic　transport　and　effective　accommodation　of　electrode　volume　expansion,　abundant　N-doped　meso-/microporous　carbon　for　the　additional　storage　of　Li+　via　capacitive　effect,　and　the　efficient　utilization　of　Fe3N　nanoparticles　uniformly　distributed　through　carbon　nanorods.　Importantly,　this　work　introduces　an　effective　strategy　to　construct　superior　performance　nitride　anodes　from　MOF　surfactants　based　on　hydrogen　bonding-driven　interface　self-assembly　and　provides　insight　into　the　preparation　of　highly　efficient　nanoarchitectures　for　Li+　storage.　©　2024　American　Chemical　Society.