Efficient　phosphate　adsorption　from　eutrophic　waters　remains　challenging,　fundamentally　due　to　inherent　trade-off　in　common　adsorbents:　high-binding　energy　between　adsorbent　and　phosphate　compromises　reusability　while　low-binding　energy　suppresses　selectivity.　Herein,　an　innovative　arginine-functionalized　imprinted　aerogel　(AFIA-1:4)　was　fabricated　by　click　chemistry　and　imprinting　modification　for　overcoming　this　trade-off　through　synergistic　weak　interactions.　Results　shown　that　AFIA-1:4　exhibited　high　adsorption　capacity　(Qmax　of　40.65　mg/g,　30.44　%　higher　than　phoslock),　rapid　kinetics　(15　min),　and　broad　pH　applicability　(3–11)　at　2　mg　P/L　solution.　Moreover,　its　selectivity　coefficient　ranged　from　10　to　90　even　with　15-　to　125-fold　excess　interfering　anions,　surpassing　common　adsorbents.　After　10　cycles,　AFIA-1:4　still　maintained　98.15　%　regeneration　rate　with　99.14　%　phosphate　desorption.　Characterizations　and　calculations　confirmed　core　roles　of　multiple　hydrogen　bonds　and　shape　screening　in　maintaining　selectivity　and　reusability.　These　findings　advanced　development　of　next-generation　of　phosphate　adsorbents,　which　contributed　to　sustainable　prevention　and　management　of　eutrophication.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd