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Conventional aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) encounter challenges that compromise the reversibility and stability of the zinc anode. To mitigate these issues, this study proposes the incorporation of highly polar 1,2-propylene glycol (PG) as a co-solvent. PG's capacity to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules effectively reduces water activity and facilitates uniform Zn2+ deposition by establishing a negatively charged adsorption layer via PG molecules. By optimizing the water-to-PG ratio, a tailored electrolyte system was developed, and the electrochemical behavior of Zn2+ during the solvation-to-deposition process was systematically elucidated through experimental and theoretical analyses. The findings indicate that AZIBs incorporating 20 % PG achieve a cycle life of 2500 h at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 and a capacity of 1 mA h cm−2, underscoring the pivotal role of PG in stabilizing the zinc anode interface. The assembled Zn||VO2 full cells demonstrated exceptional performance in the 20 % PG electrolyte, sustaining 1100 stable cycles even at a high rate of 20C. Moreover, AZIBs with 20 % PG exhibited superior ionic conductivity at low temperatures, enabling Zn||Zn symmetric cells to operate stably for 2500 h at −20 °C. These results highlight the significant potential of 20 % PG in practical energy storage systems. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
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Journal of Power Sources
ISSN: 0378-7753
Year: 2025
Volume: 629
8 . 1 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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30 Days PV: 2
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