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author:

Zhang, M. (Zhang, M..) [1] | Luo, Y. (Luo, Y..) [2] | Peng, X. (Peng, X..) [3] | Zhang, S. (Zhang, S..) [4] | Zhang, L. (Zhang, L..) [5] | Xu, C.-Q. (Xu, C.-Q..) [6] | Zhou, Y. (Zhou, Y..) [7] | Zheng, L. (Zheng, L..) [8] | Ni, J. (Ni, J..) [9] | Wang, X. (Wang, X..) [10] | Jiang, L. (Jiang, L..) [11] | Li, J. (Li, J..) [12]

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Scopus

Abstract:

Ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in the development and evolution of Earth's life system. The extremely high bond energy (941 kJ mol−1) of N2 hinder the conversion of N2 to NH3 under mild conditions. Meanwhile, clearly identifying the distribution of intermediates for NH3 synthesis remains a huge challenge in the experiment. Herein, we anchored carbon clusters (C60 or C70) onto Ru catalysts supported on rare earth oxides, forming a class of Ru-carbon cluster co-catalysts that exhibit strong electronic metal-carbon cluster interaction (EMCI). Carbon clusters function as an electron buffer that induced electron uptake from metallic Ru sites and concurrently provides electron feedback to Ruδ+ in a reversible manner, achieving a flexible balance of electron density at the Ru active sites. Moreover, H-affinitive carbon clusters serve as the site for the adsorption, activation and migration of hydrogen. With Ru and carbon clusters synergistically bridged by hydrogen spillover, the Ru-C60 co-catalyst exhibits an exceptionally high NH3 synthesis rate and remarkable stability. Experimental provides direct evidence of the distribution and evolution of *N2Hx (x = 1∼3) intermediates, with the hydrogenation of *NH2 to form *NH3 identified as the rate-determining step. This work paves the way for utilizing carbon clusters in important chemical reactions. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Keyword:

ammonia synthesis carbon clusters electron buffer N2 activation reaction mechanism

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Zhang M.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 2 ] [Zhang M.]Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fujian, Quanzhou, 362801, China
  • [ 3 ] [Luo Y.]College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
  • [ 4 ] [Peng X.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 5 ] [Peng X.]Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fujian, Quanzhou, 362801, China
  • [ 6 ] [Zhang S.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 7 ] [Zhang L.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 8 ] [Xu C.-Q.]Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
  • [ 9 ] [Zhou Y.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 10 ] [Zheng L.]Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
  • [ 11 ] [Ni J.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 12 ] [Wang X.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 13 ] [Wang X.]Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fujian, Quanzhou, 362801, China
  • [ 14 ] [Jiang L.]National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
  • [ 15 ] [Jiang L.]Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fujian, Quanzhou, 362801, China
  • [ 16 ] [Li J.]Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

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Source :

Advanced Functional Materials

ISSN: 1616-301X

Year: 2024

Issue: 8

Volume: 35

1 8 . 5 0 0

JCR@2023

Cited Count:

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SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 1

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