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Femtosecond laser has emerged as a valuable tool for the fabrication of optical fiber sensors with novel microstructures, due to its ultrashort pulse width and extremely high peak intensity. By focusing the laser beam within materials, nonlinear interaction is induced within the focal volume, enabling the manufacture of unprecedented microstructure fibers. In this review, we give a comprehensive introduction to the emerging fiber optic biochemical sensors realized by femtosecond laser technology. Firstly, we discuss three processing schemes and their corresponding advantages according to the different fabrication effects, which involves undeformative, subtractive, and additive processing. Additionally, benefited from adaptive optics, the precision and flexibility of fiber micro-fabrication can be enhanced by the multi-dimensional dynamic modulation of pulsed beams. Subsequently, we summarize all-in-fiber biochemical sensors fabricated by femtosecond laser in terms of operation principles, device structures, fabrication methods, and innovative biochemical functionalities, respectively. Finally, we evaluate the advantages of femtosecond laser processing for fiber sensor fabrication over existing manufacturing technologies, and discuss the challenges and potential opportunities for biochemical applications.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
ISSN: 0272-8842
Year: 2025
Issue: 1
Volume: 51
5 . 1 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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30 Days PV: 3
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