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author:

Wei, J. (Wei, J..) [1] | Xiao, K. (Xiao, K..) [2] | Cai, Q. (Cai, Q..) [3] | Lin, S. (Lin, S..) [4] | Lin, X. (Lin, X..) [5] | Wang, Y. (Wang, Y..) [6] | Lin, J. (Lin, J..) [7] | Lai, K. (Lai, K..) [8] | Ye, Y. (Ye, Y..) [9] | Liu, Y. (Liu, Y..) [10] | Li, L. (Li, L..) [11]

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Abstract:

Purpose: To investigate the changes in meibomian gland (MG) structure in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) patients using an intelligent quantitative analysis algorithm and to explore the relationship between these changes and clinical parameters. Methods: A total of 252 eyes from patients with AC and 200 eyes from normal controls were examined. Infrared meibography was performed using the non-contact mode of the Keratograph 5M. MG images were analyzed using a deep learning-based a quantitative analysis algorithm to evaluate gland length, area, dropout ratio, and deformation. Clinical parameters, including tear meniscus height, tear break up time (TBUT), conjunctival hyperemia, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, were assessed and correlated with changes in the structure of MG. Results: The average MG length in AC patients was 4.48 ± 1.04 mm, shorter compared to the control group (4.72 ± 0.94 mm). The average length of the central 5 glands in AC patients was 4.94 ± 1.67 mm, which was also shorter than the control group’s central 5 glands (5.38 ± 1.42 mm). Furthermore, the central 5 glands’ area in AC patients (1.61 ± 0.64 mm2) was reduced compared to the control group (1.79 ± 0.62 mm2). Tear meniscus height was lower in the allergy group (0.26 ± 0.10 mm) compared to the control group (0.44 ± 0.08 mm) (P < 0.05). The non-invasive first tear film break-up time was shorter in the allergy group (8.65 ± 6.31 s) than in the control group (10.48 ± 2.58 s) (P < 0.05). Conjunctival congestion was higher in the allergy group (1.1 ± 0.52) compared to the control group (0.97 ± 0.30) (P < 0.05). The OSDI score in the allergy group (8.33 ± 7.6) was higher than that in the control group (4.00 ± 0.50) (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the gland dropout ratio was positively associated with male gender and negatively associated with age and OSDI scores. Additionally, despite an increased number of MG, tear film stability was not improved. Conclusion: Through the intelligent quantitative algorithm, we found that AC leads to significant changes in MG structure, particularly affecting gland length and central area. Copyright © 2025 Wei, Xiao, Cai, Lin, Lin, Wang, Lin, Lai, Ye, Liu and Li.

Keyword:

allergic conjunctivitis artificial intelligence dry eye disease meibomian gland quantitative analysis algorithm

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Wei J.]Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 2 ] [Wei J.]Department of Optometry, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 3 ] [Xiao K.]Department of Optometry, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 4 ] [Cai Q.]Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 5 ] [Cai Q.]Department of Optometry, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 6 ] [Lin S.]Department of Optometry, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 7 ] [Lin X.]Department of Optometry, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 8 ] [Wang Y.]Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • [ 9 ] [Wang Y.]Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • [ 10 ] [Lin J.]School of Computer Science and Big Data, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 11 ] [Lai K.]School of Computer Science and Big Data, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 12 ] [Ye Y.]School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 13 ] [Liu Y.]School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 14 ] [Li L.]Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

ISSN: 2296-634X

Year: 2024

Volume: 12

4 . 6 0 0

JCR@2023

CAS Journal Grade:2

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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

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30 Days PV: 1

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