Lignin-containing　cellulose　nanofibers　prepared　from　sugarcane　bagasse　was　used　as　the　substrate　to　fabricate　the　superhydrophobic　membrane　for　oil-water　separation.　The　superhydrophobic　membrane　with　a　water　contact　angle　of　159.5　degrees　was　obtained　by　a　facile　dipping　method　based　on　triclorocadadecylsilane　(OTS).　The　lignin　retained　in　the　membrane　not　only　enhanced　the　hydrophobicity　of　the　membrane,　but　also　contributed　to　the　performance　of　oil-water　separation.　When　the　content　of　lignin　reached　17.53　%,　the　separation　efficiencies　of　the　membrane　for　diesel　and　dichloromethane　could　reach　96　%　and　86　%,　respectively.　Meanwhile,　the　membrane　also　showed　good　oil　separation　flux　up　to　716.4　L/(m2　&　sdot;h)　for　dichloromethane,　and　good　recyclability,　presenting　a　promising　oil　adsorbent　in　oil　spill　recovery　and　environmental　protection.