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author:

Xu, Chunfa (Xu, Chunfa.) [1] (Scholars:徐春发) | Zhang, Qinshuo (Zhang, Qinshuo.) [2] | Yusupu, Yimuran (Yusupu, Yimuran.) [3]

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Scopus SCIE

Abstract:

N-glycosides exhibit diverse biological and pharmacological activities, making their efficient synthesis crucial for both biological research and drug development. Traditional acid-promoted N-glycosylation methods, which rely on the formation of oxocarbenium intermediates, often face significant challenges. These methods are water-sensitive and typically require neighboring group participation to achieve high selectivity. Furthermore, they depend on acid activation, rendering them incompatible with alkyl amine. Additionally, low-nucleophilicity amides often need to be converted into their TMS-derivatives to enhance reactivity, limiting the direct use of such substrates. In contrast, radical-based strategies have emerged as a promising alternative, addressing many of these limitations and leading to notable advances in N-glycosylation. This review explores the unique properties of N-glycosides, the inherent challenges of traditional N-glycosylation techniques, and the transformative advantages offered by radical-based approaches. Specifically, it highlights recent advancements in radical-mediated N-glycosylation, including photoredox radical strategies, radical/ionic hybrid approaches, and metallaphotoredox catalysis, accompanied by a detailed discussion of the underlying mechanisms. Finally, the ongoing challenges and potential future directions of N-glycoside synthesis using radical strategies are presented.

Keyword:

Glycosyl radical N-glycosides N-glycosylation Photocatalysis Radical reactions

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Xu, Chunfa]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Chem, Key Lab Mol Synth & Funct Discovery, Fuzhou 350108, Peoples R China
  • [ 2 ] [Zhang, Qinshuo]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Chem, Key Lab Mol Synth & Funct Discovery, Fuzhou 350108, Peoples R China
  • [ 3 ] [Yusupu, Yimuran]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Chem, Key Lab Mol Synth & Funct Discovery, Fuzhou 350108, Peoples R China
  • [ 4 ] [Xu, Chunfa]Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Organ Chem, Key Lab Organofluorine Chem, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China

Reprint 's Address:

  • 徐春发

    [Xu, Chunfa]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Chem, Key Lab Mol Synth & Funct Discovery, Fuzhou 350108, Peoples R China;;[Xu, Chunfa]Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Organ Chem, Key Lab Organofluorine Chem, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China

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Source :

CHEMBIOCHEM

ISSN: 1439-4227

Year: 2025

Issue: 5

Volume: 26

2 . 6 0 0

JCR@2023

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 0

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