Diols　(including　ethylene　glycol,　propylene　glycol,　butanediol,　et　al.)　are　widely　used　in　various　fields,　such　as　the　chemical　industry,　medical　treatment,　biology,　and　agriculture,　and　the　market　demand　is　enormous.　Currently,　diols　are　mainly　prepared　from　fossil　resources,　but　there　are　limited　reserves　of　fossil　resources　and　environmental　pollution　in　the　process　of　use.　Therefore,　seeking　a　sustainable　and　green　route　for　diols　production　has　attracted　significant　attention.　Biomass　resources　are　the　only　renewable　organic　carbon　resources　in　nature,　and　utilizing　biomass-derived　polyols　for　diols　production　is　expected　to　overcome　the　shortage　of　fossil　resources　and　achieve　green　and　sustainable　development.　This　review　comprehensively　summarizes　the　recent　advances　in　the　catalytic　transformation　of　biomass-derived　polyols　(such　as　glycerol,　erythritol,　xylitol,　and　sorbitol)　to　diols.　The　catalytic　types　(exogenous　hydrogenation　and　in-situ　hydrogen　source),　catalytic　efficiency,　reaction　solvents,　reaction　pathways,　catalytic　mechanisms,　and　catalyst　stability　for　transforming　polyols　to　diols　are　discussed　in-depth.　Based　on　the　above　discussion,　future　development　for　transforming　biomass-derived　polyols　to　diols　is　prospected,　which　could　provide　valuable　references　and　theoretical　guidance　for　researchers　in　this　field.　©　2025　Chemical　Industry　Press　Co.,　Ltd..　All　rights　reserved.