Mesoporous　carbon　has　been　proven　to　be　an　effective　sulfur-loading　host　for　cathode　materials　in　lithium-sulfur　batteries　(LSBs)　due　to　its　abundant　pore　structure　and　flexibility　in　modification.　In　this　work,　a　three-dimensional　ultrathin-wall　mesoporous　carbon　(UMC)　was　created　by　directly　pyrolyzing　a　mixture　of　petroleum　residue　and　aluminum　isopropoxide.　Afterword,　CoS2/N-doped　UMC　(NUMC)　samples　were　synthesized　and　used　as　sulfur　carriers　to　fabricate　composite　materials　for　LSBs.　The　graphene-like　layers　and　porous　structure　of　UMC　promote　excellent　conductivity　and　rapid　charge　transfer,　facilitating　the　complete　impregnation　of　cobalt　and　sulfur　sources　into　the　UMC.　The　prepared　CoS2/NUMC　samples　effectively　inhibit　the　shuttle　effect　of　polysulfides　and　promote　the　adsorption　and　conversion　of　lithium　polysulfides,　thereby　improving　the　redox　kinetics　of　the　battery.　Electrochemical　tests　showed　that　the　CoS2/NUMC@S　composite　material,　prepared　with　a　mass　ratio　of　Co(NO3)2·6H2O　to　UMC　of　0.5:1,　had　an　initial　capacity　of　1324.74　mAh　g−1　at　0.1　C,　and　the　capacity　remained　at　533.3　mAh　g−1　even　at　a　high　rate　of　3　C,　demonstrating　excellent　reversibility　and　high-rate　performance.　After　1000　cycles,　the　capacity　decay　per　cycle　was　only　0.047　%,　indicating　good　cycling　stability.　Therefore,　the　composite　electrode　provides　an　effective　approach　for　developing　high-performance　LSBs.　©　2025　Elsevier　B.V.