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author:

Zhang, Qizhi (Zhang, Qizhi.) [1] | Gong, Qingnan (Gong, Qingnan.) [2] | Chen, Rong (Chen, Rong.) [3] | Wang, Ming (Wang, Ming.) [4] | Chen, Ran (Chen, Ran.) [5] | Weng, Lincheng (Weng, Lincheng.) [6] | Wang, Dehui (Wang, Dehui.) [7] (Scholars:王德辉)

Indexed by:

EI SCIE

Abstract:

In recent years, research into the properties of seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) has emerged as a prominent area of investigation, and the alkali silica reaction (ASR) of SWSSC is an urgent issue to be solved. However, little attention has been paid to the effect of K/Na on the ASR of SWSSC. In order to fill this gap, the effects of different K/Na on ASR products, pore structure, pH and alkali ion content, and expansion of SWSSC were measured. The findings demonstrated that the composition of the amorphous product ASR-P1 (K0.52Ca1.16Si4O8(OH)2.84-1.5H2O) of SWSSC exhibited an inverse relationship with K/Na, whereas the crystalline product K-shlykovite (NaCaSi4O8(OH)3-2.3H2O) displayed a direct correlation with K/Na. The increase of K+ concentration leads to the decrease of silica dissolution, which is the main reason for the lowest ASR degree in the high K/Na group. The transformation of ASR-P1 to K-shlykovite also resulted in different main ASR products in different K/Na groups. The experimental data show that increasing the K/Na from 0.85 to 1.85 reduced the 14d expansion from 0.248 to 0.22% and 28d ASR expansion from 0.415 to 0.350%. Notably, the most significant suppression occurred in the high K/Na group, which exhibited the lowest expansion values at all ages. The findings of this study provide a foundation for the theoretical application of SWSSC in the field of ocean engineering. These results suggest that adjusting K/Na ratios could serve as a viable strategy to mitigate ASR induced damage in marine concrete structures. For such structures, this implies that material selection should prioritize potassium-rich binders, such as blended cements or SCMs like potassium feldspar, to naturally elevate the K/Na ratio. In mix design, controlled additions of KOH during mixing can adjust the alkali balance, while leveraging seawater with inherently higher K/Na ratios or supplementing seawater with potassium salts can help achieve the target K/Na ratio. The findings of this study provide a foundation for the theoretical application of SWSSC in the field of ocean engineering to enhance long-term durability in ocean engineering applications.

Keyword:

Alkali silica reaction ASR-P1 Expansion K-shlykovite Seawater and sea sand concrete

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Zhang, Qizhi]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Fuzhou 350116, Peoples R China
  • [ 2 ] [Gong, Qingnan]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Fuzhou 350116, Peoples R China
  • [ 3 ] [Wang, Dehui]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Fuzhou 350116, Peoples R China
  • [ 4 ] [Chen, Rong]Hengchao Construct Engn Grp CO LTD, Xiamen 361111, Peoples R China
  • [ 5 ] [Wang, Ming]Hengchao Construct Engn Grp CO LTD, Xiamen 361111, Peoples R China
  • [ 6 ] [Chen, Ran]Fujian Red Coral Construct CO LTD, Xiamen 361101, Peoples R China
  • [ 7 ] [Weng, Lincheng]Haoyao Times Fujian Grp CO LTD, Xiamen 361111, Peoples R China

Reprint 's Address:

  • 王德辉

    [Wang, Dehui]Fuzhou Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Fuzhou 350116, Peoples R China

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Source :

MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES

ISSN: 1359-5997

Year: 2025

Issue: 4

Volume: 58

3 . 4 0 0

JCR@2023

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 0

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