Most　of　the　current　research　focuses　on　the　dynamic　response　of　intact　tunnel　linings　with　less　attention　paid　to　the　dynamic　response　under　the　weakening　effect　on　the　tunnel　lining　structure　in　the　presence　of　initial　macroscopic　cracks.　To　study　the　dynamic　damage　characteristics　of　tunnel　lining　with　cracks,　firstly,　based　on　the　plastic　damage　constitutive　model,　a　macro-defect-external　load　coupled　damage　constitutive　model　considering　material　weakening　is　derived　theoretically.　The　calculated　tensile　strength　of　concrete　specimens　at　macroscopic　damage　degrees　of　0,　0.　2,　0.　3　and　0.　4　are　compared　with　the　test　results　to　validate　the　constitutive　model.　The　soil-tunnel-train　interaction　relationship　is　modeled　using　the　stratigraphic-structural　method,　and　an　infinite　element　boundary　is　introduced　to　absorb　the　stress　wave　at　the　model　boundary.　By　prefabricating　cracks　with　depths　of　3.　5,　7.　0　and　10.　5　cm　on　the　intact　lining　structure　and　adjusting　the　damage　parameters　in　the　model,　the　dynamic　damage　characteristics　of　the　lining　structure　at　different　crack　depths　considering　the　weakening　effect　of　the　material　are　systematically　studied.　The　results　show　that　the　maximum　error　between　the　theoretical　calculations　and　experimental　results　of　the　derived　intrinsic　model　is　only　7.　3　%,　indicating　the　rationality　of　the　model.　At　different　crack　depths,　both　vertical　vibration　acceleration　and　velocity　show　the　pattern　of　arch　top　＞　side　wall　＞　inverted　arch,　which　is　positively　correlated　with　the　distance　to　the　traveled　way.　Increasing　the　crack　depth　from　0　cm　to　10.　5　cm,　the　vertical　vibration　accelerations　of　the　lining　structure　at　the　arch　top,　side　wall　and　inverted　arch　increase　by　8.　4%,　2.　7%　and　5.　3%,　respectively;　and　the　vertical　vibration　velocities　increase　by　15.　1%,　17.　1%　and　16.　7%,　respectively.　Increasing　the　crack　depth　from　0　cm　to　10.　5　cm,　the　peak　maximum　principal　stresses　increase　by　22.　3%　and　15.　5　%　in　the　arch　top　and　side　wall,　respectively,　and　decreases　by　9.　12%　in　the　inverted　arch.　The　peak　maximum　principal　stresses　at　the　arch　top　exceed　that　of　the　inverted　arch　at　the　crack　depth　of　3.　5　cm,　indicating　that　the　dynamic　stress　response　is　affected　by　both　the　distance　to　the　traveled　way　and　the　stress　concentration　due　to　initial　macroscopic　cracks.　At　three　different　crack　depths,　the　degree　of　lining　damage,　considering　material　weakening,　increases　by　0.　039,　0.　130,　and　0.　165,　respectively,　compared　to　when　it　is　not　considered.　©　2025　Chinese　Academy　of　Railway　Sciences.　All　rights　reserved.