Railway　transportation　is　a　critical　component　of　global　infrastructure　which　plays　a　significant　role　in　ensuring　the　safe　movement　of　goods　and　people.　In　desert　environments,　the　effectiveness　of　railway　transportation　heavily　relies　on　addressing　key　challenges　such　as　shifting　sand,　migrating　dunes,　wind　erosion,　and　sand　deposition,　which　can　disrupt　operations　and　increase　maintenance　costs.　To　mitigate　the　significant　threats　posed　by　windblown　sand　to　railway　safety　along　the　Lanzhou-Xinjiang　High-Speed　Railway,　the　technique　of　double　rows　of　sand　fences　constructed　from　concrete　columns　and　plates　has　been　applied　to　the　windward　side　of　the　railway.　These　structures　are　designed　to　reduce　wind　speed　and　capture　moving　sand,　protecting　the　rail　infrastructure.　These　fences　reduce　wind　velocity　on　their　leeward　sides　by　78%　and　87%　for　the　first　and　second　rows,　respectively.　Additionally,　due　to　the　large　openings　in　the　fences,　the　sand-trapping　efficiencies　are　72%　for　the　first　row　and　63%　for　the　second.　The　effective　shelter　distance　of　the　fence　is　ten　times　its　height.　However,　advanced　technologies　like　geographic　information　systems　(GIS),　geothermal　energy　solutions,　and　sustainable　infrastructure　practices　are　increasingly　integrated　into　railway　transportation　to　mitigate　these　risks　and　enhance　safety　and　reliability.　For　the　Etihad　Railway,　GIS　techniques　were　utilized　to　identify　areas　vulnerable　to　sand　accumulation　and　validate　the　substantial　benefits　of　sand　fences.　Notably,　a　40%　reduction　in　wind　speed　and　a　significant　74%　decrease　in　sand　flux　were　observed　post-installation,　underscoring　the　effectiveness　of　these　structures　in　disrupting　sand　mobility.　Specifically,　wind　speed　after　fence　installation　was　reduced　by　40%.　The　threshold　velocity　for　sand　transport　was　approximately　0.206　m/s.　The　sand　flux　before　fence　installation　was　19.95　kg/m2/s,　reduced　to　5.175　kg/m2/s　after　fence　installation,　marking　a　74%　reduction.　The　sand　deposition　behind　the　sand　fence　over　a　500　m　section　was　around　7387.5　kg/s.　This　demonstrates　the　significant　role　that　sand　fences　play　in　reducing　wind-driven　sand　transport,　thus　protecting　the　Etihad　Railway　from　sand　accumulation,　and　maintaining　operational　safety.