The　uniform　and　stable　deposition　of　metal-organic　frameworks　(MOFs)　onto　membranes　without　compromising　their　performance　presents　a　significant　challenge.　This　study　reports　the　fabrication　of　a　photocatalytic　self-cleaning　membrane　using　hydrothermal　and　photochemical　substitution　methods.　These　methods　enabled　the　uniform　and　stable　deposition　of　β-FeOOH　nanorods,　m-MIL-100(Fe),　and　Ag　nanoparticles　(NPs)　not　only　on　the　membranes　surface　but　also　throughout　the　interior　of　polyvinylidene　fluoride　(PVDF)　membrane　pores.　The　synergistic　effect　of　these　materials　and　their　uniform　and　stable　distribution　within　the　PVDF　membrane　resulted　in　superior　photocatalytic　efficacy.　The　membrane＇s　excellent　photocatalytic　performance　facilitated　the　degradation　of　most　pollutants,　ensuring　prolonged　usage.　Unlike　other　photocatalytic　membranes　requiring　additional　cocatalysts,　our　membrane　degraded　over　90　%　of　various　dyes　without　H2O2,　demonstrating　a　greener　usage　mode　and　higher　photocatalytic　efficiency.　The　valence　band　(VB)　and　conduction　band　(CB)　of　β-FeOOH　nanorods　and　m-MIL-100(Fe)　were　calculated,　confirming　the　existence　of　a　type-II　heterojunction　for　the　first　time.　Free　radical　trapping　experiments　identified　hydroxyl　radicals　(·OH)　as　the　primary　reactive　species　in　the　degradation　process.　This　research　provides　a　novel　approach　to　uniformly　and　stably　load　MOFs　on　membranes,　enhancing　their　properties　and　offering　insights　into　fabricating　multifunctional　photocatalytic　membranes.　©　2025　Elsevier　B.V.