To　explore　the　potential　for　multiple　uses　of　tobacco　waste　and　the　effects　of　extraction　methods　on　the　structure　and　function　of　polysaccharides，polysaccharides　were　extracted　from　tobacco　waste　by　direct　extraction　and　enzyme-assisted　extraction.　The　process　parameters　of　the　enzyme-assisted　extraction　were　optimized　using　response　surface　methodology，and　the　structure　and　antioxidant　activity　of　the　extracted　polysaccharides　were　analyzed.　The　results　showed　that：　1）　Under　the　conditions　of　a　solid-liquid　ratio　of　1:32，cellulase　addition　rate　of　0.455　g（enzyme　activity　of　5　000　U）per　gram　of　tobacco　waste，enzymatic　hydrolysis　temperature　of　62　℃，and　enzymatic　hydrolysis　time　of　2.0　h，the　yield　of　polysaccharides　was　the　highest，reaching　23.56%.　2）The　polysaccharides　obtained　by　the　direct　extraction　and　the　cellulase-assisted　extraction　were　predominantly　acidic　polysaccharides　containing　β-configuration　pyran　rings，with　similar　monosaccharide　compositions.　The　polysaccharides　obtained　by　the　cellulase-assisted　extraction　showed　a　smooth，　granular　morphology　with　lower　degrees　of　polymerization　and　cross-linking.　3）The　polysaccharides　from　the　both　extraction　methods　showed　some　ability　to　scavenge　DPPH　and　ABTS　free　radicals，indicating　their　antioxidant　activity.　This　research　provides　theoretical　support　for　the　extraction，structural　characterization，and　bioactivity　analysis　for　polysaccharides　derived　from　tobacco　waste，thus　opening　new　possibilities　for　high-value　utilization　of　tobacco　waste.　©　2025　Editorial　Office　of　Tobacco　Science　and　Technology.　All　rights　reserved.