Gear　transmission　system　has　also　become　an　indispensable　component　in　the　equipment　manufacturing　industry.　With　increasingly　complex　service　environment　of　equipment　in　ocean　engineering,　aerospace,　transportation,　energy　and　other　fields,　extreme　working　conditions　with　high　speed,　heavy　load,　and　drastic　disturbances　occur　more　frequently　than　before,　resulting　in　a　surge　in　vibration　and　noise　in　the　gear　transmission　system,　and　threatening　the　overall　reliability,　comfort　and　concealment.　Therefore,　the　dynamic　performance　of　gear　transmission　system　has　become　the　key　to　promoting　the　operating　performance　of　the　system　and　the　entire　machine,　and　there　is　an　urgent　need　to　design　the　gear　transmission　system　according　to　the　dynamic　performance.　Based　on　an　extensive　survey　of　domestic　and　foreign　research　results,　the　existing　dynamic　performance　analysis　methods　of　gear　transmission　system　are　summarized,　and　a　number　of　internal　and　external　excitation　factors　that　affect　the　dynamic　performance　are　sorted　out.　Especially,　the　impact　of　multi-source　excitations　and　uncertainty　on　the　dynamic　performance　is　emphasized.　The　optimization　methods　towards　the　dynamic　performance　with　single/multiple　objective(s)　and　those　considering　uncertainties　and　robustness　are　also　summarized.　The　applications　of　modern　dynamic　performance　design　methods　are　also　introduced　from　the　aspects　of　marine　ships,　railway,　wind　turbine,　robots,　aerospace,　etc.　This　work　is　not　only　beneficial　for　constructing　a　comprehensive　and　intelligent　system　for　dynamic　performance　design,　but　also　helpful　for　improving　the　vibration,　noise　and　other　synthetical　characteristics　of　gear　transmission　system.　©　2025　Chinese　Mechanical　Engineering　Society.　All　rights　reserved.