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author：

Li, Li (Li, Li.) [1] | Xiao, Kunhong (Xiao, Kunhong.) [2] | Lai, Taichen (Lai, Taichen.) [3] | Lai, Kunfeng (Lai, Kunfeng.) [4] | Lin, Jiawen (Lin, Jiawen.) [5] | Ge, Zongyuan (Ge, Zongyuan.) [6] | Liang, Lingyi (Liang, Lingyi.) [7] | Huang, Hao (Huang, Hao.) [8] | Zhang, Xiaoshan (Zhang, Xiaoshan.) [9] | Liu, Li (Liu, Li.) [10] | Wang, Yujie (Wang, Yujie.) [11] | Shang, Xianwen (Shang, Xianwen.) [12] | He, Mingguang (He, Mingguang.) [13] | Xue, Ying (Xue, Ying.) [14] | Zhu, Zhuoting (Zhu, Zhuoting.) [15]

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EI

Abstract：

This　multicenter　retrospective　study　developed　and　validated　an　AI　driven　model　for　automated　segmentation　and　quantitative　evaluation　of　meibomian　glands　using　infrared　meibography　images　acquired　by　the　Keratograph　5M　device.　A　total　of　1350　infrared　meibography　images　were　collected　and　annotated　for　model　training　and　validation.　The　model　demonstrated　high　segmentation　performance,　with　an　Intersection　over　Union　of　81.67%　(95%　Confidence　Interval　[CI]:　81.03–82.31)　and　accuracy　of　97.49%　(95%　CI:　97.38–97.62),　outperforming　conventional　algorithms.　The　agreement　was　observed　between　AI-based　and　manual　gland　grading　(Kappa　=　0.93)　and　gland　counting　(Spearman　r　=　0.9334).　Repeatability　analysis　confirmed　the　model’s　stability,　and　external　validation　across　four　independent　centers　yielded　consistent　results　with　AUCs　exceeding　0.99.　This　AI　tool　offers　a　standardized,　efficient,　and　objective　method　for　meibography　image　analysis,　which　may　improve　diagnostic　precision　and　assist　in　the　clinical　management　of　meibomian　gland　dysfunction　across　diverse　populations.　©　The　Author(s)　2025.

Keyword：

Diagnosis Grading Image analysis Image segmentation Personnel training

Community：

  • [ 1 ] [Li, Li]Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 2 ] [Li, Li]Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 3 ] [Li, Li]Department of Ophthalmology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 4 ] [Xiao, Kunhong]Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 5 ] [Lai, Taichen]Department of Ophthalmology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 6 ] [Lai, Kunfeng]College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 7 ] [Lin, Jiawen]College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 8 ] [Lin, Jiawen]Engineering Research Center of big data intelligence, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 9 ] [Ge, Zongyuan]Monash e-Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 10 ] [Ge, Zongyuan]Monash Medical AI Group, Monash University, Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 11 ] [Liang, Lingyi]State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
  • [ 12 ] [Huang, Hao]Department of Ophthalmology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
  • [ 13 ] [Zhang, Xiaoshan]Dongguan Huaxia Eye Hospital, Dongguan, China
  • [ 14 ] [Liu, Li]Huaxia Eye Hospital Group Putian Eye Hospital, Putian, China
  • [ 15 ] [Wang, Yujie]Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 16 ] [Wang, Yujie]Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 17 ] [Shang, Xianwen]School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • [ 18 ] [Shang, Xianwen]Research Centre for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • [ 19 ] [He, Mingguang]School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • [ 20 ] [He, Mingguang]Research Centre for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • [ 21 ] [Xue, Ying]Department of Ophthalmology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • [ 22 ] [Zhu, Zhuoting]Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 23 ] [Zhu, Zhuoting]Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne; VIC, Australia
  • [ 24 ] [Zhu, Zhuoting]Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Source ：

npj Digital Medicine

Year： 2025

Issue： 1

Volume： 8

1 2 . 4 0 0

JCR@2023

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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List： 0 Unfold All

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