To　optimize　the　layout　of　ultra-high-performance　concrete　(UHPC)　reinforcement　layer　and　improve　its　performance,　numerical　simulation　and　experimental　comparison　methods　were　used　to　study　the　stress　performance　of　damaged　RC　hollow　slab　beams　reinforced　with　unreinforced　UHPC,　ordinary　reinforced　UHPC,　and　prestressed　UHPC　under　different　reinforcement　states,　as　well　as　the　influence　of　reinforcement　layer　thickness,　length,　and　prestress　on　the　reinforcement　effect　of　the　beam.　The　research　results　show　that　compared　with　ordinary　reinforced　UHPC　reinforcement,　prestressed　UHPC　reinforcement　can　improve　the　stress　state　of　the　beam,　effectively　restrain　the　development　of　cracks,　greatly　improve　the　bearing　capacity　and　stiffness　of　the　reinforced　hollow　slab　beam,　and　significantly　increase　the　cracking　load,　yield　load,　and　bending　ultimate　bearing　capacity　of　the　beam.　The　reinforcement　protection　is　more　efficient　and　durable.　The　changes　in　parameters　such　as　thickness,　length,　and　prestress　of　the　reinforcement　layer　are　compared　and　analyzed,　and　suggestions　for　optimizing　the　reinforcement　layer　are　proposed.　The　research　results　can　provide　reference　for　the　design　of　UHPC　reinforced　damaged　beams.　©　2025　Editorial　Office　of　Journal　of　Liaoning　Technical　University.　All　rights　reserved.