Sustainable evolution of oxygen vacancies under visible light irradiation for air oxidation of benzene to phenol over hexagonal/monoclinic WO3 - Details

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For　photocatalytic　aerobic　oxidation　on　a　metal　oxide　catalyst,　it　seems　to　be　a　good　idea　to　induce　substantial　amount　of　surface　oxygen　vacancies　(OVs)　to　promote　charge　separation　and　O2　activation.　However,　the　surface　OVs　are　thermodynamically　unstable　and　can　easily　be　healed　by　oxygen-containing　species　in　the　reaction.　Herein,　we　demonstrate　that　introducing　a　metastable　hexagonal　phase　WO3　(h-WO3)　layer　onto　monoclinic　phase　WO3　(m-WO3)　effectively　reduces　the　OV　formation　energy　barrier,　thus　facilitating　the　in　situ　evolution　of　OVs　with　sufficiently　high　concentration　to　overcome　the　OV　healing　issue　under　working　conditions.　In　the　photocatalytic　oxidation　of　benzene　to　phenol　with　air,　these　in　situ　evolved　OVs　exhibit　exceptional　durability,　ensuring　high　and　sustainable　photocatalytic　performance.　This　study　provides　an　effective　strategy　to　address　the　surface　OV　healing　issue　and　enhance　the　long-term　stability　of　the　OV-rich　photocatalysts　for　various　photocatalytic　applications.　©　2025　Elsevier　B.V.

Keyword：

Complexation Oxidation Oxygen vacancies Photocatalysts Photocatalytic activity Tungsten compounds

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[ 1 ] [Yu, Zhenzhen]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 2 ] [Yu, Zhenzhen]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 3 ] [Sun, Liu]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 4 ] [Sun, Liu]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 5 ] [Yang, Xintuo]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 6 ] [Yang, Xintuo]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 7 ] [Hou, Yidong]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 8 ] [Hou, Yidong]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 9 ] [Lin, Wei]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 10 ] [Lin, Wei]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 11 ] [Anpo, Masakazu]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 12 ] [Anpo, Masakazu]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 13 ] [Yu, Jimmy C.]Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Shatin; 999077, Hong Kong
[ 14 ] [Zhang, Jinshui]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 15 ] [Zhang, Jinshui]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 16 ] [Wang, Xinchen]State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
[ 17 ] [Wang, Xinchen]State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China

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Source ：

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

ISSN： 0926-3373

Year： 2026

Volume： 380

2 0 . 3 0 0

JCR@2023

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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List： 0 Unfold All

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30 Days PV： 1

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