Adapting　to　fluctuations　in　grid　demand　and　fuel　supply　in　direct　ammonia　solid　oxide　fuel　cells　(DA-SOFCs)　is　critically　important　yet　highly　challenging　in　hybrid　energy　systems.　In　this　work,　a　high-resolution　dynamic　model　was　developed　and　validated　with　experiments　to　provide　an　in-depth　understanding　of　the　dynamic　characteristics　of　tubular　DA-SOFCs.　The　results　reveal　that　ammonia　decomposition　increases　complexity　to　the　heat　sources　and　distorts　the　distribution　of　species　concentrations　within　the　anode.　Consequently,　DA-SOFCs　exhibit　more　pronounced　relaxation　times,　current　overshoot,　and　temperature　variations　under　dynamic　operating　conditions.　Enhanced　thermal　coupling　between　ammonia　decomposition　and　electrooxidation　through　flow　design　reduces　relaxation　time　by　approximately　80%　and　temperature　fluctuations　by　over　60%.　A　heat-transfer-based　correlation　is　established　to　allow　fast　estimation　of　relaxation　time.　Extending　the　voltage　ramp　time　to　the　ammonia　mass　transfer　time　substantially　mitigates　current　overshoot.　Furthermore,　coordinated　voltage　and　flow　rate　regulation　on　different　time　scales　(seconds　and　minutes)　enables　fast　and　stable　load　tracking,　effectively　reducing　power　deviation　from　over　30%　to　less　than　3%.　These　insights　into　the　dynamic　behavior　of　DA-SOFCs　contribute　to　their　flexible　and　durable　operation　in　practical　applications.