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In this paper, we investigate a Holling-Tanner predator-prey model with harvesting and anti-predator behavior. It is shown that the double positive equilibrium is a cusp of codimension 2, the triple positive equilibrium is a nilpotent saddle of codimension 3, and the order of weak focus is 3. With influence of harvesting and anti-predator behavior, system exhibits complex bifurcation phenomena such as a cusp type Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation of codimension 2, and a degenerate Hopf bifurcation of codimension 3.
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APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
ISSN: 0893-9659
Year: 2026
Volume: 172
2 . 9 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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