Due　to　their　high　strength-to-weight　ratio　and　corrosion　resistance,　glass　fiber　reinforced　polymer　(GFRP)　composites　have　been　used　in　various　civil　structures.　However,　the　GFRP　profiles　may　be　perforated　to　allow　bolting,　wiring,　and　pipelining,　causing　stress　concentration　and　safety　concerns　in　load-carrying　scenarios.　A　fundamental　understanding　of　the　stress　concentration　mechanisms　and　the　efficacy　of　mitigation　techniques　in　such　anisotropic　materials　remains　limited,　particularly　for　the　complex　stress　states　introduced　by　perforations　and　mechanical　fasteners.　This　study　investigates　the　effectiveness　of　three　techniques,　adhesive　filling,　bolt　reinforcement,　and　elliptical　perforation　design,　in　mitigating　stress　concentration　and　enhancing　the　strength　of　perforated　GFRP　plates.　The　effects　of　perforation　geometry,　filler　modulus,　bolt　types,　and　applied　preloads　on　the　stress　concentration　and　bearing　capacity　are　investigated　through　experimental　and　finite　element　analysis.　The　results　reveal　that　steel　bolt　reinforcement　significantly　improves　load-bearing　capacity,　achieving　a　13.9%　increase　in　the　pultrusion　direction　and　restoring　nearly　full　strength　in　the　transverse　direction　(4.91　kN　vs.　unperforated　4.89　kN).　Adhesive　filling　shows　limited　effectiveness,　with　minimal　load　improvement,　while　elliptical　perforations　exhibit　the　lowest　performance,　reducing　strength　by　38%　compared　to　circular　holes.　Stress　concentration　factors　(SCF)　vary　with　hole　diameter,　peaking　at　5.13　for　8　mm　holes　in　the　pultrusion　direction,　and　demonstrate　distinct　sensitivity　to　filler　modulus,　with　optimal　SCF　reduction　observed　at　30–40　GPa.　The　findings　highlight　the　anisotropic　nature　of　GFRP,　emphasizing　the　importance　of　reinforcement　selection　based　on　loading　direction　and　structural　requirements.　This　study　provides　critical　insights　for　optimizing　perforated　GFRP　components　in　modular　construction　and　other　civil　engineering　applications.　©　2025　by　the　authors.