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Considering the growing pre-lithiation demand for high-performance Si-based anodes and consequent additional costs caused by the strict pre-lithiation environment, developing effective and environmentally stable pre-lithiation additives is a challenging research hotspot. Herein, interfacial engineered multifunctional Li13Si4@perfluoropolyether (PFPE)/LiF micro/nanoparticles are proposed as anode pre-lithiation additives, successfully constructed with the hybrid interface on the surface of Li13Si4 through PFPE-induced nucleophilic substitution. The synthesized multifunctional Li13Si4@PFPE/LiF realizes the integration of active Li compensation, long-term chemical structural stability in air, and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) optimization. In particular, the Li13Si4@PFPE/LiF with a high pre-lithiation capacity (1102.4 mAh g−1) is employed in the pre-lithiation Si-based anode, which exhibits a superior initial Coulombic efficiency of 102.6%. Additionally, in situ X-ray diffraction/Raman, density functional theory calculation, and finite element analysis jointly illustrate that PFPE-predominant hybrid interface with modulated abundant highly electronegative F atoms distribution reduces the water adsorption energy and oxidation kinetics of Li13Si4@PFPE/LiF, which delivers a high pre-lithiation capacity retention of 84.39% after exposure to extremely moist air (60% relative humidity). Intriguingly, a LiF-rich mechanically stable bilayer SEI is constructed on anodes through a pre-lithiation-driven regulation for the behavior of electrolyte decomposition. Benefitting from pre-lithiation via multifunctional Li13Si4@PFPE/LiF, the full cell and pouch cell assembled with pre-lithiated anodes operate with long-time stability of 86.5% capacity retention over 200 cycles and superior energy density of 549.9 Wh kg–1, respectively. The universal multifunctional pre-lithiation additives provide enlightenment on promoting large-scale applications of pre-lithiation on commercial high-energy-density and long-cycle-life lithium-ion batteries. © 2025 The Author(s). Carbon Energy published by Wenzhou University and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
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Carbon Energy
Year: 2025
Issue: 9
Volume: 7
1 9 . 5 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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30 Days PV: 1
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