Three-dimensional　micro-force　is　critical　in　biomedical　applications,　such　as　tissue　engineering,　cellular　mechanics,　and　minimally　invasive　diagnostics.　However,　despite　their　significant　influence　on　measurement　accuracy　and　reliability,　the　dynamic　characteristics　of　three-dimensional　force　sensors　remain　underexplored.　This　study　introduces　a　novel　three-dimensional　micro-force　sensor　leveraging　broadband　optical　coherence　technology　and　analyses　its　dynamic　characteristics.　The　natural　frequencies　and　vibration　modes　of　the　sensor　were　analysed　using　finite　element　simulations,　and　its　dynamic　response　under　varying　conditions　was　studied　using　transient　simulations.　The　transient　response　of　the　sensor　under　dynamic　loading　was　validated　using　negative-step　experiments.　The　first　natural　frequencies　of　the　Fx,　Fy,　and　Fz　components　of　the　sensor　were　approximately　180　Hz,　indicating　excellent　dynamic　performance　suitable　for　real-time　applications.　The　intercomponent　coupling　effects　were　influenced　by　the　structural　design　of　the　sensor　and　accuracy　of　the　load　application.　The　coupled　output　responses　exhibited　consistent　oscillation　periods　and　closely　resembled　the　primary　component　responses　in　terms　of　dynamic　behaviour,　emphasising　the　importance　of　a　precise　sensor　design.　The　dynamic　performance　of　the　sensor　was　significantly　enhanced　through　pole-zero　placement　optimisation,　which　increased　the　dynamic　response　frequency　in　the　Fx　and　Fy　components　from　110　to　245　Hz　and　in　the　Fz　component　from　105　to　200　Hz.　The　findings　of　this　study　provide　valuable　insights　into　the　design,　optimisation,　testing,　reliability,　and　implementation　of　high-precision　three-dimensional　micro-force　sensors　in　critical　biomedical　applications.　©　2025　IOP　Publishing　Ltd.　All　rights,　including　for　text　and　data　mining,　AI　training,　and　similar　technologies,　are　reserved.