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学者姓名：周子恒
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Abstract ：
The stable vehicular space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) requires high-gain multi-beam/beam-steering antenna systems. In this paper, we propose a compact high-gain wideband circularly-polarized (CP) beam-steering antenna with novel rotatable phase-gradient metasurface (PGM) transmitarrays for the SAGIN. It consists of a novel substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) array feed and three innovative metasurface transmitarrays (M-0, M-1, and M-2), capable of providing any compensation phases between 0 degrees and 360 degrees. The novel PGM unit cells have two identical CP U-slot patches that perform CP-to-CP conversions with high transmission efficiencies. In addition, a new and accurate beam-steering analytical formulations are proposed for fast predictions of scanning angles. Experimental results show that the proposed compact SIW array feed achieves an aperture efficiency of 58.8%, a 3-dB gain bandwidth of 10.8%, and a 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of over 23%. The proposed entire beam-steering antenna achieves a peak gain of 27.56 dBic, which corresponds to an aperture efficiency of 48.5%, and an exceptionally wide 3-dB AR bandwidth within the scanning range. It is a strong candidate for future millimeter-wave communications in satellite and radar systems and vehicular communications.
Keyword ：
Beam-steering Beam-steering circular polarization circular polarization phase gradient metasurface (PGM) phase gradient metasurface (PGM) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) vehicular communication vehicular communication
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Jingru , Ge, Yuehe , Chen, Zhizhang David et al. Compact Wideband Circularly-Polarized Mechanically Beam-Steering Antenna for Ka-Band Vehicular Communications [J]. | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY , 2024 , 73 (3) : 3393-3403 . |
| MLA | Wang, Jingru et al. "Compact Wideband Circularly-Polarized Mechanically Beam-Steering Antenna for Ka-Band Vehicular Communications" . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 73 . 3 (2024) : 3393-3403 . |
| APA | Wang, Jingru , Ge, Yuehe , Chen, Zhizhang David , Chu, Zhiyu , Chen, Jiahong , Zhou, Ziheng et al. Compact Wideband Circularly-Polarized Mechanically Beam-Steering Antenna for Ka-Band Vehicular Communications . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY , 2024 , 73 (3) , 3393-3403 . |
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拓扑优化方法因其高自由度特点在器件智能设计领域发挥重要作用,在微波工程课程中引入器件拓扑优化实验可提升课程前沿性.该实验通过天线匹配网络拓扑优化提高天线的辐射性能:首先采用阻抗矩阵方法对天线匹配网络的响应进行理论建模,随后利用遗传算法对网络进行拓扑优化,实现天线工作频带的智能按需设计.结果表明,经过拓扑优化的微波天线可在指定的频带内实现良好的阻抗匹配,达到95％以上的最大天线效率.该实验展示了基于阻抗矩阵理论的微波网络拓扑优化方法,为微波与天线相关课程提供了一项具备综合性、前沿性的课题训练项目.
Keyword ：
天线匹配网络 天线匹配网络 拓扑优化 拓扑优化 智能设计 智能设计 阻抗矩阵 阻抗矩阵
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| GB/T 7714 | 周子恒 , 苏梓暄 , 周彦峰 et al. 天线匹配网络拓扑优化:理论建模与数值实验 [J]. | 实验技术与管理 , 2024 , 41 (11) : 1-7 . |
| MLA | 周子恒 et al. "天线匹配网络拓扑优化:理论建模与数值实验" . | 实验技术与管理 41 . 11 (2024) : 1-7 . |
| APA | 周子恒 , 苏梓暄 , 周彦峰 , 张哲晨 , 许志猛 , 陈志璋 . 天线匹配网络拓扑优化:理论建模与数值实验 . | 实验技术与管理 , 2024 , 41 (11) , 1-7 . |
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Large-element-spacing (LES) antenna arrays present an attractive proposition with their cost-effectiveness and simplified structures. However, they often encounter the challenge of high-level grating lobes. This paper proposes a novel meta-lens methodology to effectively address the grating lobe issue in fixed-beam LES arrays. The proposed approach involves strategically positioning a meta-lens above the LES arrays at a suitable vertical distance. This setup enables precise manipulation and compensation of the near-field phase, resulting in the suppression or elimination of grating lobes without introducing additional design complexity. Comprehensive theoretical analyses, meticulous design calculations employing efficient numerical methods, rigorous field simulations, and practical experiments are conducted. The results demonstrate that our meta-lens solution achieves significant grating-lobe suppressions and substantial gain enhancements with only a marginal increase in system profile or volume. The proposed meta-lens approach is versatile and applicable to various LES antenna arrays, including sparse/thinned arrays, regardless of their size, element spacing, and configuration (uniform or non-uniform, periodic or aperiodic). Copyright © 2024 The Author(s).
Keyword ：
Gain enhancement Gain enhancement Grating-lobe suppression Grating-lobe suppression Large-element-spacing antenna array Large-element-spacing antenna array Meta-lens Meta-lens Metasurface Metasurface Sparse array Sparse array Thinned array Thinned array
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Z. , Lin, S. , Ge, Y. et al. Unlock the Potentials of Large-Element-Spacing Arrays: A Meta-Lens Solution for Grating-Lobe Suppression and Gain Enhancement [J]. | Electromagnetic Science , 2024 , 2 (4) . |
| MLA | Wang, Z. et al. "Unlock the Potentials of Large-Element-Spacing Arrays: A Meta-Lens Solution for Grating-Lobe Suppression and Gain Enhancement" . | Electromagnetic Science 2 . 4 (2024) . |
| APA | Wang, Z. , Lin, S. , Ge, Y. , Chen, Z. , Zhao, J. , Chen, J. et al. Unlock the Potentials of Large-Element-Spacing Arrays: A Meta-Lens Solution for Grating-Lobe Suppression and Gain Enhancement . | Electromagnetic Science , 2024 , 2 (4) . |
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This article presents a visualized approach to efficiently designing an antenna decoupling network constructed by cascaded coupled transmission lines (CTLs). The cascaded CTL architecture is explored to decouple tightly-packed antenna pairs with extremely small feed point spacing, circumventing the narrow bandwidth and loss issues associated with resonant decoupling structures. To facilitate the fast CTL design, we propose to analytically map the CTLs' odd-mode (OM) and even-mode (EM) characteristic impedances onto the Smith charts of the antenna's OM and EM input impedances. By leveraging this approach, the required CTL's OM and EM parameters for antenna decoupling can be directly determined without relying on intricate optimization or try-and-error process. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology, a printed monopole antenna pair with an element center-to-center spacing of merely 0.1.0 (at 3.5 GHz) is prototyped, which exhibits a 15-dB isolation bandwidth of 18% and a total efficiency exceeding 85% over this bandwidth. The proposed decoupling approach substantially simplifies the design of compact high-isolation antenna pairs which would have important applications in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems.
Keyword ：
Antenna decoupling Antenna decoupling coupled transmission line (CTL) coupled transmission line (CTL) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology odd and even modes odd and even modes visualized design visualized design
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou, Ziheng , Cheng, Zubin , Zhang, Zhechen et al. Visualized Design of Antenna Decoupling Networks Constructed by Cascaded Coupled Lines [J]. | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION , 2024 , 72 (6) : 4744-4753 . |
| MLA | Zhou, Ziheng et al. "Visualized Design of Antenna Decoupling Networks Constructed by Cascaded Coupled Lines" . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 72 . 6 (2024) : 4744-4753 . |
| APA | Zhou, Ziheng , Cheng, Zubin , Zhang, Zhechen , Ge, Yuehe , Chen, Zhizhang . Visualized Design of Antenna Decoupling Networks Constructed by Cascaded Coupled Lines . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION , 2024 , 72 (6) , 4744-4753 . |
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Different from the reflective approach of the carpet cloak designed to conceal surface irregularities on highly reflective surfaces, the transmission invisibility cloak, often capable of achieving perfect invisibility, operates within a transmission geometry. In this configuration, the cloaking mechanism ensures that an object neither reflects nor refracts incoming waves in free space, presenting opportunities for more versatile applications, though with the requirement for intricate designs. This paper introduces a novel methodology for designing a transmissive invisibility cloak, employing a simplified combination structure of two phase-gradient metasurfaces based on the generalized Snell's law. Initially, we designed a highly transparent metasurface for the millimeter-wave band to yield diverse phase gradients. We confirmed the effectiveness of this metasurface through the observation of abnormal refraction. Then, through a deliberate arrangement of these phase gradients, we construct a transmissive invisibility cloak that guides electromagnetic waves around the cloaked region. Simulations and experimental measurements conducted under plane-wave conditions demonstrate the cloak's effectiveness and practical applicability. The ensuing comparative investigations of results among free space, uncloaked objects, and cloaked objects validate the expected cloaking effect, offering valuable insights into the design and functionality of transmissive invisibility cloaks.
Keyword ：
abnormal refraction abnormal refraction cloak cloak generalized Snell's law generalized Snell's law incident wave incident wave plane wave plane wave
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Yufang , Ge, Yuehe , Zhou, Ziheng et al. Transmissive invisibility cloak using phase gradient metasurfaces [J]. | PHYSICA SCRIPTA , 2024 , 99 (8) . |
| MLA | Wang, Yufang et al. "Transmissive invisibility cloak using phase gradient metasurfaces" . | PHYSICA SCRIPTA 99 . 8 (2024) . |
| APA | Wang, Yufang , Ge, Yuehe , Zhou, Ziheng , Chen, Zhizhang (David) . Transmissive invisibility cloak using phase gradient metasurfaces . | PHYSICA SCRIPTA , 2024 , 99 (8) . |
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The development of high-performance optically transparent radio frequency (RF) radiators is limited by the intrinsic loss issue of transparent conductive films (TCFs). Instead of pursuing expensive endeavors to improve the TCFs' electrical properties, this study introduces an innovative approach that leverages leaky-wave mode manipulation to mitigate the TCFs' attenuating effect and maximize the RF radiation. Our finding reveals that the precise control of the mode confinement on glass-coated TCFs can create a low-attenuation window for leaky-wave propagation, where the total attenuation caused by TCF dissipation and wave leakage is effectively reduced. The observed low-attenuation leaky-wave state on lossy TCFs originates from the delicate balance between wave leakage and TCF dissipation, attained at a particular glass cladding thickness. By leveraging the substantially extended radiation aperture achieved under suppressed wave attenuation, this study develops an optically transparent antenna with an enhanced endfire realized gain exceeding 15 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 66%, which is validated to offer competitive transmission performance for advancing ubiquitous wireless communication and sensing applications. (c) 2024 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press Limited Company. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keyword ：
Antennas Antennas Endfire radiation Endfire radiation Low attenuation Low attenuation Material losses Material losses Transparent conductive films Transparent conductive films
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou, Ziheng , Zhang, Yongjian , Zheng, Yilin et al. The Low-Attenuation Endfire Leaky-Wave State on an Optically Transparent Lossy Film [J]. | ENGINEERING , 2024 , 43 : 72-80 . |
| MLA | Zhou, Ziheng et al. "The Low-Attenuation Endfire Leaky-Wave State on an Optically Transparent Lossy Film" . | ENGINEERING 43 (2024) : 72-80 . |
| APA | Zhou, Ziheng , Zhang, Yongjian , Zheng, Yilin , Chen, Ke , Gao, Yueming , Ge, Yuehe et al. The Low-Attenuation Endfire Leaky-Wave State on an Optically Transparent Lossy Film . | ENGINEERING , 2024 , 43 , 72-80 . |
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Abstract ：
The development of high-performance optically transparent radio frequency(RF)radiators is limited by the intrinsic loss issue of transparent conductive films(TCFs).Instead of pursuing expensive endeavors to improve the TCFs'electrical properties,this study introduces an innovative approach that leverages leaky-wave mode manipulation to mitigate the TCFs'attenuating effect and maximize the RF radiation.Our finding reveals that the precise control of the mode confinement on glass-coated TCFs can create a low-attenuation window for leaky-wave propagation,where the total attenuation caused by TCF dissipa-tion and wave leakage is effectively reduced.The observed low-attenuation leaky-wave state on lossy TCFs originates from the delicate balance between wave leakage and TCF dissipation,attained at a par-ticular glass cladding thickness.By leveraging the substantially extended radiation aperture achieved under suppressed wave attenuation,this study develops an optically transparent antenna with an enhanced endfire realized gain exceeding 15 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 66％,which is validated to offer competitive transmission performance for advancing ubiquitous wireless communication and sensing applications.
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| GB/T 7714 | Ziheng Zhou , Yongjian Zhang , Yilin Zheng et al. The Low-Attenuation Endfire Leaky-Wave State on an Optically Transparent Lossy Film [J]. | 工程（英文） , 2024 , 43 (12) : 72-80 . |
| MLA | Ziheng Zhou et al. "The Low-Attenuation Endfire Leaky-Wave State on an Optically Transparent Lossy Film" . | 工程（英文） 43 . 12 (2024) : 72-80 . |
| APA | Ziheng Zhou , Yongjian Zhang , Yilin Zheng , Ke Chen , Yueming Gao , Yuehe Ge et al. The Low-Attenuation Endfire Leaky-Wave State on an Optically Transparent Lossy Film . | 工程（英文） , 2024 , 43 (12) , 72-80 . |
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Localizing and reconstructing interference sources is crucial in applications such as electromagnetic interference. While the electromagnetic time-reversal (TR) method has been proposed for source localization, there is limited experimental validation for TR source reconstructions. This letter presents a theoretical analysis and experiments that validate the feasibility of TR source reconstruction within a closed metallic cavity. Wideband signals emitted by the sources are measured at preselected locations in the frequency domain using a vector network analyzer. These measurements are then converted to time-domain signals using a simple algorithm and subsequently time-reversed. The time-reversed signals are injected back into the solution domain, and backward propagation is numerically simulated to locate sources, incorporating space and time kurtoses. The results confirm the effectiveness of the TR method, validating the theoretical analysis and providing a pathway for developing a realistic hardware-based TR source reconstruction system.
Keyword ：
Electromagnetics Electromagnetics Frequency-domain analysis Frequency-domain analysis Kurtosis Kurtosis localizing localizing Mathematical models Mathematical models metallic cavity metallic cavity Network analyzers Network analyzers Probes Probes source reconstruction source reconstruction Time-domain analysis Time-domain analysis time reversal (TR) time reversal (TR) Transmission line measurements Transmission line measurements
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| GB/T 7714 | Cai, Jun , Li, Juan , Chen, Zhizhang David et al. The Time-Reversal Method for Source Reconstructions Within a Metallic Cavity: An Experimental Validation [J]. | IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS , 2024 , 23 (1) : 444-448 . |
| MLA | Cai, Jun et al. "The Time-Reversal Method for Source Reconstructions Within a Metallic Cavity: An Experimental Validation" . | IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS 23 . 1 (2024) : 444-448 . |
| APA | Cai, Jun , Li, Juan , Chen, Zhizhang David , Feng, Xiaoyao , Ge, Yuehe , Zhou, Ziheng et al. The Time-Reversal Method for Source Reconstructions Within a Metallic Cavity: An Experimental Validation . | IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS , 2024 , 23 (1) , 444-448 . |
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Different from the classical periodic-resonator-based metamaterials, epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterials provide a unique paradigm to achieve equivalent electromagnetic characteristics in deep subwavelength scales, exhibiting unprecedented impacts on a broad variety of extreme-small-volume applications. By doping regular dielectric rods in the ENZ host, the effective permeability mu(eff) of ENZ metamaterials is properly tuned for desired scattering properties and intrinsic impedance. However, losses in ENZ metamaterials severely limit the tuning range of the real part of mu(eff) and result in an undesired imaginary part. Here, to mitigate the loss issue of ENZ metamaterials, a dielectric-free approach is theoretically studied and experimentally verified by substituting dielectric dopants with metal-layer dopants to construct a low-loss resonant cavity. Therefore, the largest tuning range of mu(eff) is achieved, which advances ENZ metamaterials from ideal cases to more extensive and practical applications. In addition to existing photonics and electronics applications of regular ENZ metamaterials, additional examples are studied to demonstrate the low-loss benefits of layer-type ENZ metamaterials, including integrated microfluidic switches and high-sensitivity sensors with a sensitivity of 11.2% and quality factor of 2800. These examples reveal universal significance for wide-range applications in extreme-small-volume devices and systems, such as integrated circuits, chips, and implanted devices.
Keyword ：
dielectric-free dielectric-free effective permeability effective permeability epsilon-near-zero metamaterials epsilon-near-zero metamaterials low-loss low-loss subwavelength subwavelength
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| GB/T 7714 | Yan, Wendi , Zhou, Ziheng , Li, Hao et al. Low-Loss Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials [J]. | LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS , 2023 , 17 (8) . |
| MLA | Yan, Wendi et al. "Low-Loss Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials" . | LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS 17 . 8 (2023) . |
| APA | Yan, Wendi , Zhou, Ziheng , Li, Hao , Sun, Wangyu , Lv, Qihao , Li, Yue . Low-Loss Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials . | LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS , 2023 , 17 (8) . |
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Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have attracted intensive attention for the unprecedented developments of light-matter interactions in optics and photonics, providing a feasible method for light confinement and transmission at a subwavelength scale. However, SPPs traditionally suffer from large losses due to the intrinsic dissipations and absorptions, which hinder further development and applications of SPPs. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the concept of stepped waveguide metamaterials behaving as low-loss effective replicas of SPPs. The proposed structure without natural plasmonic material maintains the identical field configuration to that in regular SPP but avoids the inherent losses, outperforming regular low-loss SPP design with natural plasmonic materials on SPP propagation lengths. Furthermore, stepped waveguide metamaterial exhibits excellent compatibility in direct interconnections with arbitrary regular SPP and potentially represents a feasible route toward new SPP devices with low-loss advantages.
Keyword ：
low-loss low-loss plasmonics plasmonics stepped waveguide metamaterial stepped waveguide metamaterial surface plasmon polaritons surface plasmon polaritons
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| GB/T 7714 | Qin, Xu , He, Yijing , Sun, Wangyu et al. Stepped waveguide metamaterials as low-loss effective replica of surface plasmon polaritons [J]. | NANOPHOTONICS , 2023 , 12 (7) : 1285-1293 . |
| MLA | Qin, Xu et al. "Stepped waveguide metamaterials as low-loss effective replica of surface plasmon polaritons" . | NANOPHOTONICS 12 . 7 (2023) : 1285-1293 . |
| APA | Qin, Xu , He, Yijing , Sun, Wangyu , Fu, Pengyu , Wang, Shuyu , Zhou, Ziheng et al. Stepped waveguide metamaterials as low-loss effective replica of surface plasmon polaritons . | NANOPHOTONICS , 2023 , 12 (7) , 1285-1293 . |
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