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学者姓名：张冬
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Abstract ：
Flexural size effect, originating from the fracture characteristics of materials, is a common phenomenon in concrete. Conventionally, time-consuming and labor-intensive experiments are required to investigate the flexural size effect and fracture behaviors of concrete. To tackle the limitations, a data-driven approach was adopted to predict the multifactor-influenced flexural size effect and fracture behaviors of concrete by gene expression programming (GEP) due to its capability of addressing non-linear problems and developing empirical equations with multiple input variables. Results show that the GEP models can accurately predict nominal flexural strength (R2, 0.890) and fracture toughness (R2, 0.946). Parametric analysis reveals that the compressive strength and tensile strain capacity positively impact the nominal flexural strength and fracture toughness of concrete. Based on the GEP model, a multifactor-influenced size effect law (SEL) is proposed to predict the nominal flexural strength by incorporating both material and geometric parameters, removing the need for extensive experimental investigations. The findings provide generalized models to predict the nominal flexural strength and fracture toughness of various materials at different sizes.
Keyword ：
Flexural strength Flexural strength Fracture toughness Fracture toughness Gene expression programming Gene expression programming Machine learning Machine learning Size effect Size effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Ye, Junhong , Uddin, Md Nasir , Yu, Jie et al. A data-driven approach to predicting multifactor-influenced flexural size effect and fracture behaviors of concrete [J]. | ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS , 2025 , 315 . |
| MLA | Ye, Junhong et al. "A data-driven approach to predicting multifactor-influenced flexural size effect and fracture behaviors of concrete" . | ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS 315 (2025) . |
| APA | Ye, Junhong , Uddin, Md Nasir , Yu, Jie , Xu, Tengfei , Zhan, Yulin , Zhang, Dong et al. A data-driven approach to predicting multifactor-influenced flexural size effect and fracture behaviors of concrete . | ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS , 2025 , 315 . |
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在超高性能混凝土(UHPC)中采用饱和面干再生细骨料(RFA),不仅可减少UHPC收缩,还能节约成本.研究了相同净水胶比下饱和面干RFA掺量(0、50％和100％)对UHPC的电通量、抗压强度和碳化深度的影响,并通过分析UHPC的水化产物和孔结构揭示其机理.研究表明:随着饱和面干RFA掺量的增大,总水胶比增大,UHPC孔结构劣化,密实度降低,抗压强度降低,碳化深度增大.然而在相同碳化条件下,饱和面干RFA掺量为100％时,UHPC的碳化深度仍分别是普通混凝土和高性能混凝土的1/37.83～1/65.61和1/11.20～1/19.92.提出并验证了掺饱和面干RFA的UHPC碳化深度模型,为再生骨料UHPC推广及应用提供依据.
Keyword ：
微结构 微结构 抗碳化性能 抗碳化性能 超高性能混凝土 超高性能混凝土 饱和面干再生细骨料 饱和面干再生细骨料
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| GB/T 7714 | 赵伟 , 胡炎通 , 季韬 et al. 饱和面干再生细骨料对UHPC抗碳化性能的影响 [J]. | 混凝土 , 2025 , (1) : 125-128,133 . |
| MLA | 赵伟 et al. "饱和面干再生细骨料对UHPC抗碳化性能的影响" . | 混凝土 1 (2025) : 125-128,133 . |
| APA | 赵伟 , 胡炎通 , 季韬 , 张冬 . 饱和面干再生细骨料对UHPC抗碳化性能的影响 . | 混凝土 , 2025 , (1) , 125-128,133 . |
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Traditional carbonation methods for steel slag typically rely on pure CO2 and elevated pressures, posing practical challenges due to specific CO2 transport and kinetic limitations. This study explores the carbonation properties of steel slag blocks under ambient conditions using a 30 % CO2 concentration. To accelerate carbonation, the effectiveness of various chemical additives was examined, including chelating agents, inorganic alkali activators, and sulfates. Results demonstrate that incorporating chemical additives, particularly EDTA and its salt derivatives, significantly increases the compressive strength of carbonated steel slag blocks. All tested chemicals facilitated increases in CO2 absorption. Specifically, Na2SO4 and Na2CO3 increased CO2 uptake by 30.6 % and 25.6 % at 12 h, respectively. A logarithmic model effectively characterized the CO2 uptake kinetics, revealing that initial CO2 uptake (beta) usually correlates inversely with the carbonation rate (alpha) over time. Na2CO3 and Na2SO4 exhibited faster carbonation kinetics throughout the process due to the accelerated formation of C-(A)-S-H structures that are more reactive to CO2 than the original mineral phases. However, excessive carbonation rates resulted in the formation of a dense carbonate layer on the block surfaces, limiting further CO2 diffusion. These findings underscore the potential of chemical additives to optimize the carbonation process, contributing to eco-friendly, high-performance building materials.
Keyword ：
Accelerated carbonation Accelerated carbonation Chelating agents Chelating agents Chemical additives Chemical additives Compressive strength Compressive strength Steel slag Steel slag
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| GB/T 7714 | Deng, Jiaxin , Zhang, Dong , Gu, Lei et al. Enhanced carbonation of steel slag blocks using various chemical additives [J]. | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2025 , 105 . |
| MLA | Deng, Jiaxin et al. "Enhanced carbonation of steel slag blocks using various chemical additives" . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 105 (2025) . |
| APA | Deng, Jiaxin , Zhang, Dong , Gu, Lei , Yuan, Huihui , Zhang, Xiaoxiang . Enhanced carbonation of steel slag blocks using various chemical additives . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2025 , 105 . |
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Producing steel slag (SS) bricks using carbonation technology holds significant potential for improving the utilization of SS, as carbonation enhances both the mechanical strength and CO2 sequestration capacity. This study uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to investigate the effects of water-to-binder ratio (w/b), binderto-sand ratio (b/s), and molding pressure on the compressive strength of carbonated SS bricks. The optimal mix design was determined through predictive modeling, and characterization techniques such as Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) were employed to analyze the pore structure, mineral composition, and microstructure. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the environmental impact of the process. The RSM analysis revealed that both w/b and b/s ratios significantly influenced the carbonation of SS bricks, while the effect of molding pressure was less pronounced. The predictive model suggested that the optimal compressive strength of 36.53 MPa is achieved with a w/b of 0.19 and a b/s ratio of 2.25, which closely matches the experimentally measured strength of 36.88 MPa. The results indicate that SS paste samples and those with low b/s ratios negatively affect both the carbonation efficiency and mechanical performance of SS bricks. Specifically, SS paste bricks inhibit CO2 diffusion due to the formation of calcite on the surface, while samples with low b/s ratios exhibit excessive porosity and a loose structure. TGA results showed that WB20 and BS53 samples contained higher calcite contents, at 6.21 % and 4.53 %, respectively. The LCA of WB20 revealed that its carbon footprint (kg center dot CO2 center dot eq) is 81.41 % lower than that of concrete bricks and 85.02 % lower than that of fired shale bricks. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) of WB20 was also significantly lower, showing reductions of 84.61 %, 115.7 %, and 112.7 % compared to its own CO2 emissions, concrete bricks, and fired shale bricks, respectively. This study provides a valuable reference for the feasibility of producing carbonated SS bricks, offering optimal mix parameters through RSM and demonstrating the superior physical properties of carbonated SS bricks. The LCA comparison with conventional concrete and fired shale bricks confirms that carbonated SS bricks are a promising carbon-negative building material.
Keyword ：
Carbonated steel slag brick Carbonated steel slag brick Carbonation Carbonation Compressive strength Compressive strength Life cycle assessment Life cycle assessment Porosity Porosity Soundness Soundness
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Xiaoxiang , Zhang, Dong , Wang, Peng et al. Optimizing the properties of carbonated steel slag brick based on response surface method (RSM) [J]. | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2025 , 473 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Xiaoxiang et al. "Optimizing the properties of carbonated steel slag brick based on response surface method (RSM)" . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 473 (2025) . |
| APA | Zhang, Xiaoxiang , Zhang, Dong , Wang, Peng , Deng, Jiaxin , Gu, Lei , Yuan, Huihui . Optimizing the properties of carbonated steel slag brick based on response surface method (RSM) . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2025 , 473 . |
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Accelerated carbonation effectively mitigates the unsoundness issue of steel slag caused by free CaO/MgO. However, the long-term impact of residual uncarbonated iron-rich phases, which may oxidize and lead to expansion and degradation during long-term curing, remains unclear. This study investigated the long-term behavior of carbonated steel slag blocks with varying residual iron content in the steel slag obtained by magnetic separation. The carbon sequestration efficiency, mechanical properties, volume stability, and microstructure were thoroughly evaluated. Results revealed that carbonated steel slag blocks with a higher residual Fe2O3 content (38.47 %) achieved only 46 % of the compressive strength and 37 % of the CO2 uptake compared to those with lower residual iron content (25.88 %). Through 180 days of accelerated degradation and natural curing tests, it was observed that the compressive strength of blocks exhibited an overall increase of 20–150 %, especially in blocks with high iron content, due to the hydration of uncarbonated steel slag. Despite the formation of rust in samples with elevated residual iron content, as verified through XRD and optical microscopy, no substantial negative impacts were observed at later stages. The excessive residual iron containing phase contributed to the formation porous microstructure and enhance the capacity of accommodating corrosion products. This study highlights that reducing residual iron content through magnetic separation not only enhances the mechanical properties and stability of carbonated steel slag blocks, but also offers a valuable recycling opportunity for steel and iron industries. © 2024 The Authors
Keyword ：
Carbonation Carbonation Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide Compressive strength Compressive strength Curing Curing Hematite Hematite Magnetic separation Magnetic separation Microstructure Microstructure Slags Slags Steel corrosion Steel corrosion
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| GB/T 7714 | Deng, Jiaxin , Zhang, Dong , Gu, Lei et al. Influence of residual iron content in steel slag on the long-term properties of carbonated steel slag blocks [J]. | Case Studies in Construction Materials , 2024 , 20 . |
| MLA | Deng, Jiaxin et al. "Influence of residual iron content in steel slag on the long-term properties of carbonated steel slag blocks" . | Case Studies in Construction Materials 20 (2024) . |
| APA | Deng, Jiaxin , Zhang, Dong , Gu, Lei , Zhang, Xiaoxiang , Yuan, Huihui . Influence of residual iron content in steel slag on the long-term properties of carbonated steel slag blocks . | Case Studies in Construction Materials , 2024 , 20 . |
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Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) with superior tensile properties have potential to print self-reinforced structures. However, the environmental performance of 3D concrete printing with ECC (3DP-ECC) lacks further investigation. This study evaluates the environmental impacts of structures printed with 3DP-ECC via life cycle assessment. Results show that 3DP-ECC incorporating incineration bottom ash (IBA), crumb rubber (CR), and limestone powder (LP) reduce carbon emission by 25%, 24%, and 47%, respectively, compared to that of reinforced concrete (RC) with a steel ratio of 1.01%. A frame structure printed by LP-ECC reduces carbon emission by 42% compared to that of the unit fabricated by mold-cast RC (MC-RC). A circle house printed by LP-ECC reduces carbon emission by 28% compared to that of the counterpart fabricated by MC-RC. Sensitivity analysis identifies the transportation distance range to achieve a sustainable 3DCP. The findings provide a guideline to select appropriate 3DP-ECC and construction methods for sustainable construction. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Keyword ：
3D printing 3D printing Ash handling Ash handling Environmental management Environmental management Life cycle Life cycle Lime Lime Reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity analysis Sustainable development Sustainable development Waste incineration Waste incineration
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| GB/T 7714 | Ye, Junhong , Zhuang, Zicheng , Teng, Fei et al. Comparative environmental assessment of 3D concrete printing with engineered cementitious composites [J]. | Virtual and Physical Prototyping , 2024 , 19 (1) . |
| MLA | Ye, Junhong et al. "Comparative environmental assessment of 3D concrete printing with engineered cementitious composites" . | Virtual and Physical Prototyping 19 . 1 (2024) . |
| APA | Ye, Junhong , Zhuang, Zicheng , Teng, Fei , Yu, Jie , Zhang, Dong , Weng, Yiwei . Comparative environmental assessment of 3D concrete printing with engineered cementitious composites . | Virtual and Physical Prototyping , 2024 , 19 (1) . |
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This study focuses on the shrinkage behavior of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) incorporating recycled fine aggregates (RFA). The effects of RFA content (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 %) and different moisture states of RFA were investigated through mechanical properties, autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and restrained shrinkage. The results showed that the incorporation of RFA generally reduced the mechanical properties of UHPC, although marginal improvements were seen with the use of oven-dried or air-dried RFA. Saturated surface-dry (SSD) RFA effectively reduced autogenous shrinkage of UHPC through internal curing. However, the autogenous shrinkage in UHPC increased with the increase of RFA content. RFA also increased the drying shrinkage. Microstructural analysis revealed that the increase in the shrinkage with increasing RFA content were due to the increase in pores smaller than 50 nm, and the decrease in micromechanical properties resulting from the incorporation of RFA. In terms of restrained shrinkage, the circumferential strain, basic tensile creep, and cracking potential of UHPC were related to autogenous shrinkage. Reducing the moisture content of RFA led to an increase in autogenous shrinkage while concurrently decreasing drying shrinkage. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Keyword ：
Mechanical properties Mechanical properties Recycled fine aggregate Recycled fine aggregate Shrinkage Shrinkage UHPC UHPC
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, D. , Zhou, J. , Sun, Q. et al. Mechanical properties and early-age shrinkage of ultra-high performance concrete mortar with recycled fine aggregate [J]. | Journal of Building Engineering , 2024 , 98 . |
| MLA | Zhang, D. et al. "Mechanical properties and early-age shrinkage of ultra-high performance concrete mortar with recycled fine aggregate" . | Journal of Building Engineering 98 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhang, D. , Zhou, J. , Sun, Q. , Ji, T. , Liang, Y. , Weng, Y. et al. Mechanical properties and early-age shrinkage of ultra-high performance concrete mortar with recycled fine aggregate . | Journal of Building Engineering , 2024 , 98 . |
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Ferroaluminate cement (FAC) is a relatively new type of low-carbon cement. The corrosion performance of steel reinforcement embedded in FAC concrete is critical for its application in the structure. In this study, the corrosion behaviors of steel reinforcement in FAC concrete were investigated by conducting steel corrosion tests and chloride penetration tests considering the effect of different water -to -binder (w/b) ratios. In addition, the effect of substitution rate of fly ash (FA) and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) for FAC on the corrosion behavior of steel reinforcement was also investigated. The results show that compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete, FAC concrete showed much better corrosion resistance at a w/b ratio of 0.4 but the corrosion resistance reduced significantly at a high w/b ratio of 0.56. At a low w/b ratio, the abundant hydration products in FAC reduced its porosity, resulting in a low chloride diffusivity and good corrosion resistance. Incorporating FA/GGBS generally reduced the corrosion resistance of FAC concrete. The dilution of FAC cement by FA/GGBS reduced the hydration products and increased the porosity, thus increasing the chloride diffusivity. FAC concrete with GGBS showed better corrosion resistance than that of FAC concrete with FA at the same content.
Keyword ：
Chloride permeation resistance Chloride permeation resistance Corrosion resistance Corrosion resistance Ferroaluminate cement (FAC) Ferroaluminate cement (FAC) Fly ash Fly ash GGBS GGBS
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Pu , Qi, Dongyou , Hao, Lulu et al. Effect of w/b ratio and supplemental cementitious material on the chloride penetration and corrosion resistance of ferroaluminate cement concrete [J]. | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2024 , 431 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Pu et al. "Effect of w/b ratio and supplemental cementitious material on the chloride penetration and corrosion resistance of ferroaluminate cement concrete" . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 431 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhang, Pu , Qi, Dongyou , Hao, Lulu , Wang, Zhiyong , Liu, Hongyin , Zhang, Dong et al. Effect of w/b ratio and supplemental cementitious material on the chloride penetration and corrosion resistance of ferroaluminate cement concrete . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2024 , 431 . |
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铁铝酸盐水泥作为一种新型低碳水泥，其与钢筋的粘结性能尚缺乏系统研究。通过中心拉拔试验，研究了混凝土类型、水胶比和钢筋锈蚀率对粘结性能的影响。结果表明：当水胶比为0.56时，锈蚀钢筋与铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土的极限粘结强度比普通混凝土提高了2.3%。降低水胶比可提高混凝土粘结强度，且未锈蚀钢筋的粘结强度随水胶比减小而明显提高，滑移阶段曲线斜率增大。锈蚀率的增大导致粘结强度先提高后降低，但下降速率低于普通混凝土。当锈蚀率低于0.78%时，锈蚀对粘结强度有正面影响。基于现有粘结强度计算公式，建立了适用于锈蚀钢筋与铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土的粘结强度计算模型。
Keyword ：
混凝土强度 混凝土强度 混凝土类型 混凝土类型 粘结性能 粘结性能 钢筋锈蚀率 钢筋锈蚀率 铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土 铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土
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| GB/T 7714 | 张普 , 齐冬有 , 张巍 et al. 钢筋与铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土的粘结性能研究 [J]. | 新型建筑材料 , 2024 , 51 (10) : 115-121 . |
| MLA | 张普 et al. "钢筋与铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土的粘结性能研究" . | 新型建筑材料 51 . 10 (2024) : 115-121 . |
| APA | 张普 , 齐冬有 , 张巍 , 向世文 , 陈鹤元 , 毕晶 et al. 钢筋与铁铝酸盐水泥混凝土的粘结性能研究 . | 新型建筑材料 , 2024 , 51 (10) , 115-121 . |
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Accelerated carbonation effectively mitigates the unsoundness issue of steel slag caused by free CaO/MgO. However, the long-term impact of residual uncarbonated iron-rich phases, which may oxidize and lead to expansion and degradation during long-term curing, remains unclear. This study investigated the long-term behavior of carbonated steel slag blocks with varying residual iron content in the steel slag obtained by magnetic separation. The carbon sequestration efficiency, mechanical properties, volume stability, and microstructure were thoroughly evaluated. Results revealed that carbonated steel slag blocks with a higher residual Fe2O3 content (38.47 %) achieved only 46 % of the compressive strength and 37 % of the CO2 uptake compared to those with lower residual iron content (25.88 %). Through 180 days of accelerated degradation and natural curing tests, it was observed that the compressive strength of blocks exhibited an overall increase of 20-150 %, especially in blocks with high iron content, due to the hydration of uncarbonated steel slag. Despite the formation of rust in samples with elevated residual iron content, as verified through XRD and optical microscopy, no substantial negative impacts were observed at later stages. The excessive residual iron containing phase contributed to the formation porous microstructure and enhance the capacity of accommodating corrosion products. This study highlights that reducing residual iron content through magnetic separation not only enhances the mechanical properties and stability of carbonated steel slag blocks, but also offers a valuable recycling opportunity for steel and iron industries.
Keyword ：
CO 2 sequestration CO 2 sequestration Iron content Iron content Long-term volume stability Long-term volume stability Steel slag Steel slag
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| GB/T 7714 | Deng, Jiaxin , Zhang, Dong , Gu, Lei et al. Influence of residual iron content in steel slag on the long-term properties of carbonated steel slag blocks [J]. | CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS , 2024 , 20 . |
| MLA | Deng, Jiaxin et al. "Influence of residual iron content in steel slag on the long-term properties of carbonated steel slag blocks" . | CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 20 (2024) . |
| APA | Deng, Jiaxin , Zhang, Dong , Gu, Lei , Zhang, Xiaoxiang , Yuan, Huihui . Influence of residual iron content in steel slag on the long-term properties of carbonated steel slag blocks . | CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS , 2024 , 20 . |
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