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学者姓名：赖元文
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Abstract ：
Compared to open roads, highway tunnels' continuous semi-enclosed wall structures exacerbate sight distance challenges for vehicles equipped with automation systems (AV) in curved segments. However, AV's adaptability to existing road geometry in tunnels, which was primarily tailored for traditional human-driven vehicles, remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of horizontal curved-tunnel geometry on AV's available sight distance (ASD) and analyze AV's sight distance safety (SDS). To this end, we established a virtual co-simulation platform for emulating AV's ASD in diverse tunnel scenarios, which include light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-based sensing configurations and tunnel geometry combinations. On this basis, the important features related to ASD were extracted using the recursive feature elimination algorithm and several widely-used machine-learning models were developed to predict ASD estimation. The Shapley additive explanation analysis was conducted on the most performant model to interpret the feature effects. Moreover, reliability analyses under varying driving automation levels, speeds, and pavement conditions were conducted to quantify the probability of noncompliance with SDS in scenarios focusing on circular curves, followed by proposing an SDS evaluation framework. The results show that: i) random forest model outperforms other machine-learning models in predicting ASD estimation; ii) higher-type tunnel geometry, higher-end sensing configurations, driving on the outside curve lane, and higher mounting height of LiDAR achieve longer ASD; iii) lower-end sensing configurations cause ASD to be less sensitive to the tunnel geometry; iv) SDS deteriorates in the orders of moist, dry, and wet pavement conditions and automation levels 4, 3, 1, and 2; v) AV adapt to low-type highway tunnels' horizontal curves from the sight distance perspective, but may fail in high-type designs. These findings shed light on the impact mechanism of tunnel curves on AV's ASD and serve to improve AV's road-oriented operational design domain and identify the tunnel segment that is significantly non-compliant with SDS.
Keyword ：
Driving automation Driving automation Explainable machine learning Explainable machine learning Highway tunnels Highway tunnels Reliability analysis Reliability analysis Sight distance Sight distance Virtual simulation Virtual simulation
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Shuyi , Zhang, Jiakun , Ma, Yang et al. Sight distance analysis of vehicles with driving automation on horizontal curves of as-built highway tunnels [J]. | TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY , 2025 , 163 . |
| MLA | Wang, Shuyi et al. "Sight distance analysis of vehicles with driving automation on horizontal curves of as-built highway tunnels" . | TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY 163 (2025) . |
| APA | Wang, Shuyi , Zhang, Jiakun , Ma, Yang , Zheng, Yuan , Yu, Bin , Jiao, Fangtong et al. Sight distance analysis of vehicles with driving automation on horizontal curves of as-built highway tunnels . | TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY , 2025 , 163 . |
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To achieve carbon neutrality, many regions have set electrification targets for bus fleets. However, the impact of low temperatures on electric bus (EB) operations is often overlooked, leading to operational difficulties. To this end, we introduce an EB replacement discount coefficient to quantify reduced range and slower charging under low-temperature conditions and develop a Bus Fleet Replacement (BFR) model for cold regions. A case study using typical cold-region data is conducted. Finally, we discuss the effects of individual and combined policies, and parameter variations on the electrification process. The results indicate: i) replacing buses with electric ones in cold regions does not significantly increase the life cycle costs; ii) EB price subsidies and annual operational subsidies effectively accelerate electrification, and most policy combinations further reduce social costs; iii) the model can adjust replacement strategies based on case data and parameter changes. These findings support optimal BFR strategies in cold regions. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Keyword ：
Fleet operations Fleet operations Seebeck effect Seebeck effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Jie , Pei, Yulong , Sun, Jianqi et al. Achieving bus electrification: Strategy for bus fleet replacement in cold region [J]. | Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment , 2025 , 145 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Jie et al. "Achieving bus electrification: Strategy for bus fleet replacement in cold region" . | Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 145 (2025) . |
| APA | Zhang, Jie , Pei, Yulong , Sun, Jianqi , Lai, Yuanwen , Wang, Shuyi , Easa, Said M. . Achieving bus electrification: Strategy for bus fleet replacement in cold region . | Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment , 2025 , 145 . |
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Unplanned subway interval disruptions caused by equipment failures frequently occur in major cities around the world. It is crucial to ensure that passengers can complete their subsequent travel with less delay. Using bridging buses to evacuate passengers is currently the most common response strategy used by management, but in actual operation there are problems with unclear passenger demand and inefficient connections. To address this gap, we developed a passenger travel behavior decision-making model based on cumulative prospect theory and an emergency bus bridging model. The models serve two primary purposes: (1) to identify the origin-destination of affected passenger flow within the bridging zone during disruptions; and (2) to propose an integrated emergency bus bridging strategy that takes passenger demand into account. The solution efficiency of the proposed strategy is enhanced using a simulated annealing-improved genetic algorithm. We validate the model through a case study of Fuzhou Subway Line 1 in China, followed by a sensitivity analysis examining variables such as the number of emergency buses, passenger demand, subway disruption recovery time, and total passenger travel time. The results indicate that the proposed strategy significantly improves evacuation efficiency, allowing passengers to incur lower travel costs compared to baseline strategies.
Keyword ：
Cumulative prospect theory Cumulative prospect theory Emergency bridging bus scheduling Emergency bridging bus scheduling Genetic algorithm Genetic algorithm Passenger travel behavior Passenger travel behavior Simulated annealing Simulated annealing Urban transportation Urban transportation
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Yuanwen , Liang, Jianhong , Cai, Yuanchen et al. Subway-Emergency Bridging Strategy for Bus Scheduling Considering Passenger Travel Behavior [J]. | JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PART A-SYSTEMS , 2025 , 151 (7) . |
| MLA | Lai, Yuanwen et al. "Subway-Emergency Bridging Strategy for Bus Scheduling Considering Passenger Travel Behavior" . | JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PART A-SYSTEMS 151 . 7 (2025) . |
| APA | Lai, Yuanwen , Liang, Jianhong , Cai, Yuanchen , Fan, Yanhui , Lan, Ziye , Easa, Said M. et al. Subway-Emergency Bridging Strategy for Bus Scheduling Considering Passenger Travel Behavior . | JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PART A-SYSTEMS , 2025 , 151 (7) . |
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Under the sudden interruption of the metro, it is significant to dispatch emergency bridging buses to evacuate stranded passengers to improve linkage management and service reliability. Aiming at the problem of emergency bridging bus scheduling, considering the remaining capacity of conventional buses, passenger tolerance, and site convenience, a flexible combined emergency bridging bus scheduling model is constructed based on the constraints of vehicle capacity, dispatching capacity, and maximum evacuation times of emergency bridging bus, aiming at minimizing the maximum evacuation time and passenger delay. The improved Harris hawk algorithm is used to solve the model, and the evacuation plan of the demand-responsive and station-station bridging lines is obtained. The maximum evacuation time is 41 min, and the average delay of stranded passengers is 19 min. The results show that the maximum evacuation time is 10% and 27% less than the fixed combined and single scheduling. The average delay is 16% and 42% less than the fixed combination and traditional single scheduling. The sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors of emergency bridging bus scheduling is conducted. The results show that the flexible combined emergency bridging bus scheduling model constructed in this paper can improve evacuation efficiency and reduce passenger travel delays. image
Keyword ：
emergency services emergency services public transport public transport railway safety railway safety
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Yuanwen , Liang, Jianhong , Rao, Yinsheng et al. Flexible optimal bus-schedule bridging for metro operation-interruption [J]. | IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS , 2024 , 18 (7) : 1306-1323 . |
| MLA | Lai, Yuanwen et al. "Flexible optimal bus-schedule bridging for metro operation-interruption" . | IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 18 . 7 (2024) : 1306-1323 . |
| APA | Lai, Yuanwen , Liang, Jianhong , Rao, Yinsheng , Fan, Yanhui , Zhan, Renyan , Easa, Said et al. Flexible optimal bus-schedule bridging for metro operation-interruption . | IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS , 2024 , 18 (7) , 1306-1323 . |
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To improve the traffic efficiency of bus at a group of intersections and reduce their delay, this paper develops a speed guidance strategy for buses under travel time control at intersection groups. The approach considers the influence of bus departure time, bus station arrival rate, and bus station dwell time. Simulation experiments are carried out on three consecutive intersections along Jinshan Avenue in Fuzhou, China. Results show that the average travel time of buses, the average delay of buses, and the average delay per capita in the priority direction are reduced by 5.5%, 9.9%, and 9.4%, respectively. The optimal rate of the average number of bus stops reached 15.2%. The indicators of the non -priority direction of social vehicles are not significantly affected. It shows that the efficiency of buses has improved after implementing the speed guidance strategy at the intersection groups without affecting the social vehicles as far as possible.
Keyword ：
bus priority bus priority bus speed guidance strategy bus speed guidance strategy intersection group intersection group travel time control travel time control
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Yuanwen , Chen, Yansheng , Easa, Said M. et al. Guidelines for bus speed at intersections under travel time control [J]. | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 51 (9) : 1041-1055 . |
| MLA | Lai, Yuanwen et al. "Guidelines for bus speed at intersections under travel time control" . | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 51 . 9 (2024) : 1041-1055 . |
| APA | Lai, Yuanwen , Chen, Yansheng , Easa, Said M. , Ma, Zhenhong , Zhu, Xinyun , Chen, Peiyuan et al. Guidelines for bus speed at intersections under travel time control . | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 51 (9) , 1041-1055 . |
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This study focuses on solving the problem of metro first/last mile, studying the method for designing microcirculation bus routes and coordinating schedules considering the impact of shared bicycles. First, we propose a bilevel mixed-integer programming model for designing microcirculation bus routes and coordinating schedules considering the impact of shared bicycles. The upper-level model minimizes the weighted sum of the travel time cost of passengers and the operating cost of public transport enterprises, and the lower-level model maximizes the number of passengers served by microcirculation bus routes. Then, an improved genetic algorithm is developed to solve the model, called the Monte Carlo adaptive genetic algorithm (M-GAI). Finally, the proposed model and algorithm are evaluated using the case study in the area near the Fubao metro station of Shenzhen Metro Line 3. Results show that if the impact of shared bicycles is not considered, the passenger demand will be greater than the actual value, and the operating cost of public transport enterprises will be increased by 36%. Compared with GAI, the average number of iterations of M-GAI is reduced by 31%, and the objective function value is decreased by 4%. In addition, when the number of routes increases, the average waiting time of passengers is shortened, the average attendance rate of microcirculation buses increases, and the average empty distance of each vehicle is shortened. However, the operating cost of public transport enterprises will increase with the number of routes. Finally, when weight factors alpha and beta are 0.6 and 0.4, respectively, and the sum of the travel time cost of passengers and the operating cost of public transport enterprises reach optimal.
Keyword ：
Bilevel mixed-integer programming model Bilevel mixed-integer programming model Coordinated schedules Coordinated schedules Microcirculation bus routes design Microcirculation bus routes design Monte Carlo adaptive genetic algorithm (M-GAI) Monte Carlo adaptive genetic algorithm (M-GAI) Public transport Public transport Shared bicycle Shared bicycle
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Yansheng , Lai, Yuanwen , Easa, Said M. et al. Microcirculation Bus Routes Design and Coordinated Schedules Considering the Impact of Shared Bicycles [J]. | JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PART A-SYSTEMS , 2024 , 150 (10) . |
| MLA | Chen, Yansheng et al. "Microcirculation Bus Routes Design and Coordinated Schedules Considering the Impact of Shared Bicycles" . | JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PART A-SYSTEMS 150 . 10 (2024) . |
| APA | Chen, Yansheng , Lai, Yuanwen , Easa, Said M. , Wang, Shuyi . Microcirculation Bus Routes Design and Coordinated Schedules Considering the Impact of Shared Bicycles . | JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PART A-SYSTEMS , 2024 , 150 (10) . |
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Due to road curvature and sensors' limited field of view, as-built highway curves would pose an operational challenge to the adaptive cruise control (ACC) system and its shared control. However, very few studies explored the adaptability of ACC system-dedicated vehicles (V-ACC) considering the vehicle-road geometry interaction. Therefore, the objectives of this study are twofold: (i) investigating the implications of horizontal curves on V-ACC dynamics and kinematics characteristics; and (ii) evaluating V-ACC's adaptability from the safety, comfort, and speed consistency (S-C-S) aspects. To this end, a PreScan/CarSim/MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation platform is established and it is validated by OpenACC database followed by designing many tests featuring circular curve radius (RC), desired speed (Vde), and clearance. The impact mechanism of geometric features was analysed by interpreting dynamics and kinematics characteristics along curves and critical features were further extracted by reference to S-C-S thresholds. The results show that: (i) either smaller RC or higher Vde causes those characteristics toward their S-C-S margins; (ii) neither sideslip nor rollover occurs, and speed consistency is good in most RC conditions; and (iii) drivers can follow the leading car comfortably with Vde = 40, 80-100 km/h but feel uncomfortable when Vde = 50-70 km/h and RC approaches its lower bounds.
Keyword ：
automated driving & intelligent vehicles automated driving & intelligent vehicles geometry geometry road safety road safety simulation simulation
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Shuyi , Lai, Yuanwen , Qiu, Xuntao et al. Implications of as-built highway horizontal curves on vehicle dynamics/kinematics characteristics under adaptive cruise control [J]. | IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS , 2024 , 19 (1) . |
| MLA | Wang, Shuyi et al. "Implications of as-built highway horizontal curves on vehicle dynamics/kinematics characteristics under adaptive cruise control" . | IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 19 . 1 (2024) . |
| APA | Wang, Shuyi , Lai, Yuanwen , Qiu, Xuntao , Ma, Yang , Easa, Said M. , Zheng, Yubing . Implications of as-built highway horizontal curves on vehicle dynamics/kinematics characteristics under adaptive cruise control . | IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS , 2024 , 19 (1) . |
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To establish a suitable pure electric bus arrival time prediction model, this paper takes pure electric bus as the research object. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of the arrival time of the pure electric bus, the BP neural network arrival time prediction model optimized by the firefly algorithm (FA-BP prediction model) is established by selecting vehicle type, SOC value, battery age, and time as input conditions. The model is trained and tested by using bus operation data. The root mean square error of the Kalman filter model is 0.351, of the BP neural network model is 0.059, and of the FA-BP prediction model is 0.04. The results show that the model in this paper effectively improves the prediction accuracy and has good reliability and feasibility. It can provide some theoretical references for pure electric bus operation and managers and provide some basis for improving bus reliability.
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Yuanwen , Liang, Hangyu , Huang, Liling . Prediction of Arrival Time of Pure Electric Bus Based on FA-BP Algorithm [J]. | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION , 2023 , 2023 . |
| MLA | Lai, Yuanwen et al. "Prediction of Arrival Time of Pure Electric Bus Based on FA-BP Algorithm" . | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION 2023 (2023) . |
| APA | Lai, Yuanwen , Liang, Hangyu , Huang, Liling . Prediction of Arrival Time of Pure Electric Bus Based on FA-BP Algorithm . | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION , 2023 , 2023 . |
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The collaborative development of conventional buses and urban metro has become an important research topic for the priority development of urban public transport. The topic of collaborative optimization of feeder bus route design and operation is studied in this study. The objective function is to minimize the total travel time of passengers and the operation cost of feeder buses. The improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to solve the collaborative optimization model, and the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified through the case study. The research shows that it is feasible in model construction and algorithm to carry out collaborative optimization of feeder bus route design and operation. Compared with the multiple-to-one (M to 1) mode, the multiple-to-multiple (M to M) mode can better satisfy the needs of passengers from different places of departure and destinations to achieve a more reasonable and realistic goal. The case study is based on two metro stations and 16 feeder bus stops on Fuzhou Metro line 2 to obtain two bus routes and a corresponding operation scheme. Under the same topology road network, the operation time of the improved PSO algorithm is much shorter than the DFS algorithm, the total cost error of the feeder bus is 0.04%, and the departure frequency error is 4.6%, which is within the reasonable error range. Therefore, the collaborative optimization model proposed in this study is feasible and effective in optimizing the feeder bus routes and operation.
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Yuanwen , Chen, Yansheng . Collaborative Optimization Model for the Design and Operation of Feeder Bus Routes Based on Urban Metro [J]. | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION , 2023 , 2023 . |
| MLA | Lai, Yuanwen et al. "Collaborative Optimization Model for the Design and Operation of Feeder Bus Routes Based on Urban Metro" . | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION 2023 (2023) . |
| APA | Lai, Yuanwen , Chen, Yansheng . Collaborative Optimization Model for the Design and Operation of Feeder Bus Routes Based on Urban Metro . | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION , 2023 , 2023 . |
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Transfer between the metro (underground railway system) and buses is standard in many cities, and the simultaneous arrival of these two modes can provide passengers with a smoother transfer experience. However, previous synchronous transfer studies rarely consider different public transport modes simultaneously. This paper presents an optimization model that maximizes the number of metro and bus network synchronizations considering the connection level. An improved algorithm that combines simulated annealing (SA) and artificial bee colony (ABC) is proposed. The best nectar source position in history is combined with the SA operation. The ABC and simulated annealing and improved artificial bee colony (SA-IABC) algorithms are used to solve the model using the Nanmendou metro station and the bus stations within 1.2 km around it in Fuzhou City, China. The results show that ABC and improved SA-IABC algorithms increase the synchronization times of the metro and bus network by 17% and 24% on average, respectively, without expanding the departure frequency.
Keyword ：
artificial bee colony algo-rithm artificial bee colony algo-rithm connection and transfer connection and transfer connection level connection level optimization model optimization model simultaneous transfer simultaneous transfer
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Yuanwen , Fan, Yanhui , Rao, Yinsheng et al. Maximizing synchronous transfer between metro and buses considering connection level [J]. | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2023 , 50 (7) : 594-608 . |
| MLA | Lai, Yuanwen et al. "Maximizing synchronous transfer between metro and buses considering connection level" . | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 50 . 7 (2023) : 594-608 . |
| APA | Lai, Yuanwen , Fan, Yanhui , Rao, Yinsheng , Easa, Said M. , Chen, Jiafan , Zhao, YinZhu . Maximizing synchronous transfer between metro and buses considering connection level . | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2023 , 50 (7) , 594-608 . |
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