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学者姓名：汤龙飞
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Abstract ：
In this paper, an integrated flux closed-loop control scheme for a monostable permanent magnet contactor is proposed for the first time, considering that the existing control schemes have defects such as high cost, low reliability and difficulty in optimization. First, the special integrated power chip used in the field of motor drive is applied to the intelligent control of the permanent magnet contactor, and its integrated drive circuit is designed. On the basis of integrated drive circuit, the total flux of the contactor is directly controlled by the flux closed-loop. Therefore, in the closing process, by simply setting a small constant reference flux value, it can automatically achieve the flux weakening control to prevent serious contact bouncing caused by excessive permanent magnetic force at the end of closing process. Finally, in the breaking process, setting the reference value of the total flux to zero allows the electromagnetic flux linkage to counteract the permanent magnet flux linkage in real-time, thus avoiding a decrease in the breaking speed caused by residual suction, and ultimately improving the closing performance. The scheme proposed in this paper not only simplifies the hardware control circuit of the monostable permanent magnet contactor, but also reduces the difficulty of its optimal control, which is of great significance to the popularization of high-performance permanent magnet contactors. ©2024 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng.
Keyword ：
flux closed-loop flux closed-loop flux weakening control flux weakening control integrated drive integrated drive permanent magnet contactor permanent magnet contactor
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, L. , Zheng, X. . Integrated Flux Closed Loop Control Technology for Monostable Permanent Magnet Contactor; [单稳态永磁接触器集成化磁链闭环控制技术] [J]. | Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering , 2024 , 44 (12) : 4956-4965 . |
| MLA | Tang, L. 等. "Integrated Flux Closed Loop Control Technology for Monostable Permanent Magnet Contactor; [单稳态永磁接触器集成化磁链闭环控制技术]" . | Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering 44 . 12 (2024) : 4956-4965 . |
| APA | Tang, L. , Zheng, X. . Integrated Flux Closed Loop Control Technology for Monostable Permanent Magnet Contactor; [单稳态永磁接触器集成化磁链闭环控制技术] . | Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering , 2024 , 44 (12) , 4956-4965 . |
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Abstract ：
In order to further improve the reliability of AC contactor operation, this paper designs a control strategy based on flux linage closed loop. Firstly, a flux linkage observer is designed based on the topology of the full-bridge driving circuit, with bus capacitance voltage and coil current as inputs. Subsequently, a flux linkage closed-loop control strategy is developed. Before making, the coil resistance is automatically identified. During the making process, only a suitable flux linkage reference value needs to be set to realize the automatic flux linkage weakening and contact bounce reduction. During the holding stage, the noise adaptive suppression strategy is adopted, which can better suppress high-frequency noise. In the breaking stage, the magnetic circuit is reversed excited to enhance the ability of breaking the circuit. The control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively improve its control performance, simplify the control difficulty, and is of great significance for the intelligent control of the contactor. © 2024 IEEE.
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, K. , Tang, L. , Zhuang, J. . High-Performance Flux Linkage Closed-Loop Strategy for AC Contactors [未知]. |
| MLA | Wang, K. 等. "High-Performance Flux Linkage Closed-Loop Strategy for AC Contactors" [未知]. |
| APA | Wang, K. , Tang, L. , Zhuang, J. . High-Performance Flux Linkage Closed-Loop Strategy for AC Contactors [未知]. |
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Abstract ：
该文对接触器的优化设计进行研究，将磁链闭环控制引入接触器本体优化设计中，实现控制策略与本体优化设计的协同。首先，综合考虑接触器的外部漏磁和磁场分布特性，在三维有限元动态仿真的基础上构建改进的磁路模型，以实现磁路模型的参数化计算。然后，提出了一种改进的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）与磁路模型相结合进行优化设计，以Pareto前沿个数判断种群进化进程，实现自适应遗传-差分混合进化策略，提高了多目标优化设计算法的全局收敛性和收敛速度。最后，将恒磁链闭环控制策略与多目标优化设计相结合，通过减小接触器的电磁惯性、机械惯性及提高控制磁通密度，来提高机构响应速度和磁性材料利用率，同时减小触头弹跳。仿真及实验验证了改进磁路模型及多目标优化设计方法的有效性。
Keyword ：
优化设计 优化设计 接触器 接触器 改进的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ) 改进的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ) 磁路法 磁路法
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| GB/T 7714 | 汤龙飞 , 姚林睿 , 阳文蔚 . 磁链闭环控制下接触器的优化设计方法 [J]. | 电工技术学报 , 2024 , 39 (10) : 3206-3217 . |
| MLA | 汤龙飞 等. "磁链闭环控制下接触器的优化设计方法" . | 电工技术学报 39 . 10 (2024) : 3206-3217 . |
| APA | 汤龙飞 , 姚林睿 , 阳文蔚 . 磁链闭环控制下接触器的优化设计方法 . | 电工技术学报 , 2024 , 39 (10) , 3206-3217 . |
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Arc fault is one of the important factors causing electric fire, and the prevention of arc fault is an effective means to reduce the occurrence of electricfire. High frequency arc fault signal is generated when arc fault occurs. Collecting and analyzing the high frequency arcfault signal can effectively detect whether arc fault occurs. In this paper, according to the characteristics of the phase difference of the winding output at different positions of the winding coil under the high-frequency current signal, the special-shaped winding coil current transformer(S-SWCCT) is made, and the output characteristics of Special-shaped winding coil with different turns under different frequency are analyzed experimentally. Finally, according to GB14287 standard, arcfault experiment is carried out and current signal is collected and analyzed The experimental results show that the sensor can effectively collect the high frequency signal of arcfault andfilter the lowfrequency signal in the line
Keyword ：
arc fault arc fault current transformer current transformer fault detection fault detection high frequency signal high frequency signal
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| GB/T 7714 | Huang, Hanlong , Zheng, Xin , Zhuang, Jielong et al. Research on the Application of Special -Shaped Winding Coil Current Transformer in Arc Fault Detection [J]. | 2024 IEEE 19TH CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS, ICIEA 2024 , 2024 . |
| MLA | Huang, Hanlong et al. "Research on the Application of Special -Shaped Winding Coil Current Transformer in Arc Fault Detection" . | 2024 IEEE 19TH CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS, ICIEA 2024 (2024) . |
| APA | Huang, Hanlong , Zheng, Xin , Zhuang, Jielong , Tang, Longfei . Research on the Application of Special -Shaped Winding Coil Current Transformer in Arc Fault Detection . | 2024 IEEE 19TH CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS, ICIEA 2024 , 2024 . |
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The traditional contactor’s optimization design process requires static calculation, prototype production, and repeated testing, which consumes much time and is high cost, demanding substantial human and material resources. The finite element dynamic simulation method has become the main way to optimize the contactor design but it is hindered by prolonged calculation time. The optimization design method is mainly based on the orthogonal experimental method, which can only generate the local optimal solutions at the experimental level. Intelligent optimization design algorithms can achieve global optimal solutions but require a lot of iterative calculations. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved optimization algorithm for the dynamic process of contactors to reduce the electromagnetic and mechanical inertia of contactors and increase the magnetic density. The response speed of the mechanism and the utilization rate of magnetic materials are improved, reducing contact bounces. Firstly, considering the external leakage flux and magnetic field’s distribution characteristics in contactors, an improved magnetic circuit model is constructed based on the three-dimensional finite element dynamic simulation to calculate parameters. Then, an improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is introduced for optimization design. The number of Pareto fronts is used to judge the evolution process of the population, and the adaptive genetic differential hybrid evolution strategy is realized, improving global convergence and convergence speed. Finally, combined with a constant flux closed-loop control strategy and multi-objective optimization design, the speed response and magnetic material utilization are improved by reducing electromagnetic and mechanical inertia while increasing magnetic density to mitigate contact bounces. Simulations and experiments are conducted on the improved magnetic circuit model. The results show that the simulation and experimental waveforms are almost consistent, with errors of less than 3% within the allowable range. Combined with the improved magnetic circuit model and the improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm, the contactor design is optimized by the flux linkage closed-loop. The optimization results show that the prototype's holding power is reduced to 0.72 W, the average bounce time is reduced to 0.7 ms, the average number of bounce times is reduced to 2, the number of coil turns is reduced to 1 304, and the magnetic density is increased from 0.54 T to 0.73 T, improving the utilization rate of magnetic materials and reducing the power consumption. The following conclusions can be obtained: (1) An improved magnetic circuit model, considering the external magnetic leakage and magnetic field distributions in the dynamic process of the contactors, maintains computational efficiency and accuracy across structural parameters and control strategy variations, suitable for optimizing electromagnetic mechanisms with diverse parametric forms. (2) The improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm judges the population evolution using the number of individuals in the Pareto frontier and selects evolution strategies and probability settings according to different stages of population evolution, thereby effectively reducing the calculation number of fitness functions and enhancing the global convergence. (3) Under constant flux closed-loop control, the electromagnetic and mechanical inertia, contact bounces, and material utilization rate are taken as the main optimization indicators. The designed prototype has advantages such as fast response, short contact bounce time, high material utilization rate, and low holding power. © 2024 China Machine Press. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Circuit simulation Circuit simulation Design Design Dynamics Dynamics Equivalent circuits Equivalent circuits Finite element method Finite element method Genetic algorithms Genetic algorithms Iterative methods Iterative methods Magnetic circuits Magnetic circuits Magnetic leakage Magnetic leakage Magnetic materials Magnetic materials Multiobjective optimization Multiobjective optimization Optimal systems Optimal systems Timing circuits Timing circuits
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Longfei , Yao, Linrui , Yang, Wenwei . Optimal Design Method of Contactor Under Closed-Loop Control of Flux Linkage [J]. | Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2024 , 39 (10) : 3206-3217 . |
| MLA | Tang, Longfei et al. "Optimal Design Method of Contactor Under Closed-Loop Control of Flux Linkage" . | Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society 39 . 10 (2024) : 3206-3217 . |
| APA | Tang, Longfei , Yao, Linrui , Yang, Wenwei . Optimal Design Method of Contactor Under Closed-Loop Control of Flux Linkage . | Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2024 , 39 (10) , 3206-3217 . |
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鉴于单稳态永磁接触器现有的控制方案存在成本高、可靠性低且优化困难等缺陷，该文提出一种集成化磁链闭环控制方案。首先，将电机传动领域的专用集成功率芯片应用到单稳态永磁接触器的智能控制中，设计其集成驱动电路；在此基础上，采用磁链闭环直接控制接触器的总磁链，在合闸过程中仅需设置一较小的恒定磁链参考值，即可实现自动弱磁，防止合闸末期永磁力过大造成严重的触头弹跳；在分闸过程中仅需设置总磁链参考值为0，即可使电磁磁链实时抵消永磁磁链，防止产生剩余吸力，造成分断速度降低，进而提高分闸性能。该文提出的方案既简化了单稳态永磁接触器硬件控制电路的设计，又降低了其优化控制的难度，对高性能永磁接触器的工程推广具有参考价值。
Keyword ：
弱磁控制 弱磁控制 永磁接触器 永磁接触器 磁链闭环 磁链闭环 集成化驱动 集成化驱动
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| GB/T 7714 | 汤龙飞 , 郑兴新 . 单稳态永磁接触器集成化磁链闭环控制技术 [J]. | 中国电机工程学报 , 2024 , 44 (12) : 4956-4966 . |
| MLA | 汤龙飞 et al. "单稳态永磁接触器集成化磁链闭环控制技术" . | 中国电机工程学报 44 . 12 (2024) : 4956-4966 . |
| APA | 汤龙飞 , 郑兴新 . 单稳态永磁接触器集成化磁链闭环控制技术 . | 中国电机工程学报 , 2024 , 44 (12) , 4956-4966 . |
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为了更好地抑制接触器合闸触头弹跳,提出一种控制策略以优化合闸过程.首先,利用线圈电压与电流作为输入构建参数观测器,实时观测接触器的动态吸力、弹簧反力、动铁心速度及位移.在此基础上,构造双闭环控制结构,外环采用模糊控制逐次调节超程前吸力裕量,内环将吸力裕量与实时弹簧反力叠加用作参考吸力,进行吸力闭环控制,实现外环动铁心合闸速度的逐次迭代优化.将观测位移与触头开距进行实时比较,一旦动铁心运动到超程阶段时,增大吸力参考,使电磁吸力快速增加,实现触头的低速大吸力合闸,以压制动铁心反弹,尽量抑制触头弹跳,并兼顾可靠合闸.通过仿真与实验验证了方案的可行性,该控制策略对依靠电磁力进行操动的电磁及永磁开关的合闸优化具有一定意义.
Keyword ：
优化控制 优化控制 参数观测 参数观测 吸力闭环 吸力闭环 接触器 接触器 速度闭环 速度闭环
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| GB/T 7714 | 汤龙飞 , 闫涌仁 , 李新叶 et al. 接触器低速大吸力合闸优化控制策略 [J]. | 中国电机工程学报 , 2024 , 44 (2) : 838-847,中插34 . |
| MLA | 汤龙飞 et al. "接触器低速大吸力合闸优化控制策略" . | 中国电机工程学报 44 . 2 (2024) : 838-847,中插34 . |
| APA | 汤龙飞 , 闫涌仁 , 李新叶 , 陈红 . 接触器低速大吸力合闸优化控制策略 . | 中国电机工程学报 , 2024 , 44 (2) , 838-847,中插34 . |
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This paper presents a bi-directional rotating electromagnetic operating mechanism for control and protection switching devices (CPS), which uses the 'principle of minimum magnetoresistance' to drive the contacts by bi-directional rotation of the moving iron core to realize the opening and closing operations. The mechanism has two independent sets of coils, which are coil and the closing coil. During the operation of the operating mechanism, the switching speed can be adjusted by controlling the excitation state of the two sets of coils, which can reduce the closing speed to reduce the contact bounce. In the process of mechanism opening, the opening speed can be increased by energizing the opening coil to reduce the harm to the contacts from the arc generated during opening. The mechanism has both control and protection functions and has a specific high electrical and mechanical life. Firstly, the mechanism is theoretically designed to determine the size and motion form of the mechanism. Then the model of the mechanism is built in COMSOL for simulation analysis. Finally the prototype is processed according to the designed size and experimented. The simulation and experimental structure have good consistency, which verifies the feasibility of the design mechanism. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2024.
Keyword ：
Excited states Excited states Finite element method Finite element method
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| GB/T 7714 | Yao, Linrui , Tang, Longfei , Wang, Kehao . Design of Bi-directional Rotary CPS Electromagnetic Operating Mechanism [C] . 2024 : 91-99 . |
| MLA | Yao, Linrui et al. "Design of Bi-directional Rotary CPS Electromagnetic Operating Mechanism" . (2024) : 91-99 . |
| APA | Yao, Linrui , Tang, Longfei , Wang, Kehao . Design of Bi-directional Rotary CPS Electromagnetic Operating Mechanism . (2024) : 91-99 . |
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The breaking and closing coils of bistable permanent magnet circuit breaker (PMCB) shares magnetic circuit, which leads to the fast time-varying nonlinear coupling relationship between the permanent magnetic field and the electromagnetic field, and between the breaking and closing magnetic circuits, which brings difficulty to its simulation. Aiming at the difficulty, this article designs a new cosimulation method: First, the equivalent magnetic circuit of the bistable permanent magnet actuator (PMA) is established, and the ternary correspondence relationship of its electromechanical parameters is proved analytically for the first time. Then, the "equivalent electric circuit" of magnetic circuit in dynamic process of bistable PMA is proposed for the first time by analogy with the transformer model, and the calculation method of the time-varying parameters in this model is given. Finally, the "equivalent electric circuit" of magnetic circuit is used as a link, so the hardware circuit, software strategy, and PMCB are connected together to form a point-by-point closed-loop cosimulation method. This simulation method can reflect the dynamic interaction between the electromagnetic field and the permanent magnetic field of the breaking and closing magnetic circuits, and also can reflect the dynamic interaction between the control module and the PMCB. So this method lays the foundation for simulation design of the high-performance bistable PMCB.
Keyword ：
Bistable PMCB Bistable PMCB cosimulation cosimulation equivalent circuit equivalent circuit magnetic circuit coupling magnetic circuit coupling
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Longfei , Luan, Shixu . Cosimulation of Bistable Permanent Magnet Circuit Breakers [J]. | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS , 2024 , 71 (3) : 2800-2809 . |
| MLA | Tang, Longfei et al. "Cosimulation of Bistable Permanent Magnet Circuit Breakers" . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 71 . 3 (2024) : 2800-2809 . |
| APA | Tang, Longfei , Luan, Shixu . Cosimulation of Bistable Permanent Magnet Circuit Breakers . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS , 2024 , 71 (3) , 2800-2809 . |
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Abstract ：
In order to better inhibit the bouncing of contactors in closing process, this paper presents a control strategy to optimize the closing process. First, the coil voltage and current are used as inputs to construct the parameter observer, so the dynamic electromagnetic force, spring force, movable core velocity and displacement of the contactor can be observed in real time. On this basis, a double closed-loop control structure is constructed. The outer-loop adopts fuzzy control to adjust the force margin before the over-travel iteratively. In the inner-loop, adding the force margin with the spring force in real time as the reference, the force closed-loop control is carried out to realize the iterative optimization of the closing speed in the outer-loop. Meanwhile, the observed displacement is compared with the opening distance of the contacts in real time. Once the movable core moves into the over-travel, the electromagnetic force increases rapidly by increasing the force reference, so it can realize the low speed with large force closing to suppress the rebound of the movable core. It can inhibit contact bounces furthest and meanwhile ensure the reliable closing. The feasibility of the control scheme is verified by simulation and experiment. It is of great significance for optimal control of the electromagnetic switch and the permanent magnet switch which are both operated by electromagnetic force. © 2024 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng.
Keyword ：
Closed loop control systems Closed loop control systems Fuzzy control Fuzzy control Permanent magnets Permanent magnets
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Longfei , Yan, Yongren , Li, Xinye et al. An Optimal Closing Strategy of Low Speed With Large Force for Contactors [J]. | Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering , 2024 , 44 (2) : 838-847 . |
| MLA | Tang, Longfei et al. "An Optimal Closing Strategy of Low Speed With Large Force for Contactors" . | Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering 44 . 2 (2024) : 838-847 . |
| APA | Tang, Longfei , Yan, Yongren , Li, Xinye , Chen, Hong . An Optimal Closing Strategy of Low Speed With Large Force for Contactors . | Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering , 2024 , 44 (2) , 838-847 . |
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