To　explore　the　diversity　and　application　potential　of　Antarctic　microorganisms,　1208　strains　bacteria　and　fungi　were　isolated　from　5　samples　collected　from　the　Fildes　Peninsula　during　China＇s　27th　and　31st　Antarctic　expeditions.　By　using　16S　and　ITS　sequence　similarity　alignment,　83　strains　bacteria　belonging　to　20　genera　and　30　strains　fungi　belonging　to　7　genera　were　identified.　Among　them,　1　strains　bacteria　and　6　strains　fungi　showed　low　sequence　similarity　to　the　database,　suggesting　that　they　might　be　novel　species.　Physiological-biochemical　characteristics　showed　that　the　identified　bacteria　could　utilize　many　kinds　of　carbohydrates　and　that　the　identified　fungi　could　produce　several　kinds　of　extracellular　enzymes.　The　fungal　strain　MS-19,　identified　asAspergillus　sydowii,　possesses　the　potential　to　produce　antifungal　activity　agents　based　on　an　activity-guided　approach.　Further　isolation　yielded　four　polyketones:　versicone　A　(1),　versicone　B　(2),　4-methyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one　(3),　and　(R)-(+)-sydowic　acid　(4).　It　should　be　noted　that1displayed　strong　activity　againstCandida　albicans,　with　an　MIC　value　of　3.91　mu　g/mL.