An　enzyme-linked　immunoassay　is　described　for　the　fluorometric　determination　of　aflatoxin　B1　(AFB(1)).　It　is　based　on　the　use　of　carbon　dots　(CDs)　synthesized　by　using　Litchi　chinensis　as　the　carbon　source　via　a　hydrothermal　method.　The　CDs　were　modified　with　MnO2　nanosheets　upon　which　their　blue　fluorescence　(with　excitation/emission　peaks　at　340/425nm)　is　quenched.　In　the　presence　of　AFB(1),　a　competitive　immunoreaction　takes　place　between　(1)　AFB(1)　conjugated　to　bovine　serum　albumin　and　deposited　in　the　wells　of　a　microplate,　and　(2)　antibody　against　AFB(1)　and　labeled　with　alkaline　phosphatase　(ALP).　On　subsequent　addition　of　ascorbic　acid　2-phosphate,　it　will　be　hydrolyzed　by　ALP　to　form　ascorbic　acid　and　phosphate.　The　ascorbic　acid　produced　reduces　MnO2　nanosheets　to　Mn2+　ions　which　then　are　relased　from　the　CDs.　This　causes　the　recovery　of　fluorescence.　Under　optimum　conditions,　fluorescence　decreases　linearly　with　increasing　AFB(1)　concentration　in　the　range　from　1.0ngkg(-1)　to　10gkg(-1),　and　the　limit　of　detection　is　0.69ngkg(-1).　The　precision　of　this　method　(expressed　as　RSD)　is　10.3%.　The　accuracy　was　tested　by　analyzing　both　naturally　contaminated　and　spiked　food　samples,　and　the　results　were　in　good　agreement　with　those　obtained　by　the　established　ELISA.