Methods　based　on　surfactant-responsive　controlled　release　systems　of　cargoes　from　nanocontainers　have　been　developed　for　bioanalytical　applications,　but　most　were　utilized　for　drug　delivery　and　a　few　reports　were　focused　on　immunoassays.　Herein　we　design　an　in　situ　amplified　immunoassay　protocol　for　high　efficient　detection　of　aflatoxins　(aflatoxin　B-1,　AFB(1)　used　in　this　case)　based　on　surfactant-responsive　cargo　release　from　glucose-encapsulated　liposome　nanocarriers　with　sensitivity　enhancement.　Initially,　biotinylated　liposome　nanocarrier　encapsulated　with　glucose　was　synthesized　using　a　reverse-phase　evaporation　method.　Thereafter,　the　nanocarrier　was　utilized　as　the　signal-generation　tag　on　capture　antibody-coating　microplate　through　classical　biotin-avidin　linkage　after　reaction　with　biotinylated　detection　antibody.　Upon　addition　of　buffered　surfactant　(1X　PBS-Tween　20　buffer)　into　the　medium,　the　surfactant　immediately　hydrolyzed　the　conjugated　liposome,　and　released　the　encapsulated　glucose　from　the　nanocarriers,　which　could　be　quantitatively　determined　by　using　a　low-cost　personal　glucometer　(PGM).　The　detectable　signal　increased　with　the　increment　of　target　analyte.　Under　the　optimal　conditions,　the　assay　could　allow　PGM　detection　toward　target　AFB(1)　as　low　as　0.6　pg　mL(-1)　(0.6　ppt).　Moreover,　the　methodology　also　showed　good　reproducibility　and　high　specificity　toward　target　AFB(1)　against　other　mycotoxins　and　proteins,　and　was　applicable　for　quantitatively　monitoring　target　AFB(1)　in　the　complex　systems,　e.g.,　naturally　contaminated/spiked　peanut　samples　and　serum　specimens,　with　the　acceptable　results.　Taking　these　advantages　of　simplification,　low　cost,　universality　and　sensitivity,　our　design　provides　a　new　horizon　for　development　of　advanced　immunoassays　in　future　point-of-care　testing.　(C)　2015　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.