The　one　dimensional　(1D)　carbon　nanomaterials　have　been　conceived　as　the　suitable　candidate　for　the　biosensor,　but　the　effect　of　their　structures　on　the　biosensing　properties　was　deficient.　Here,　we　chose　carbon　nanotubes　(CNTs),　graphene　nanoribbons　(GONRs)　as　models　for　1D　and　quasi　1D　carbon　nanomaterials,　and　partially　unzipped　CNTs　(PUCNTs)　as　an　intermediate　material,　to　investigate　structure-dependent　electrocatalysis　of　1D　carbon　nanomaterials.　The　1D　to　quasi　1D　carbon　nanomaterials　with　various　surface　areas,　defect　densities　and　oxygen　contents　were　used　to　modify　the　electrodes　and　exhibited　excellent　electrocatalytic　activities　and　performances　towards　UA　and　DA　without　the　influence　of　AA.　The　CNTs　with　low　oxygen　and　defect　content　helped　to　induce　direct　electron　transfer　and　displayed　a　highest　sensitivity;　with　abundant　oxygen　functional　groups,　the　GONRs　exhibited　a　broadest　linear　detection　range;　for　the　intermediate　material,　PUCNTs　showed　secondary　electrochemical　response　for　UA　and　DA.　Additionally,　the　1D　carbon　materials　were　applied　in　the　real　samples　with　satisfactory　results.　The　1D　carbon　materials　demonstrated　different　electrochemical　behaviors　and　thus　can　provide　rational　choices　for　developing　higher　sensitivity　and　wider　linear　range　biosensors　by　optimizing　and　controlling　the　nanostructure.　(C)　2015　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.