Polyaniline-(enzyme-hydrolyzed　lignin)　(PANI-Lignin)　nanocomposites　were　prepared　via　an　in　situ　polymerization　from　aniline　by　using　enzyme-hydrolyzed　lignin　(EHL)　as　a　dispersant.　The　EHL　content　ranging　from　0　to　30　wt%　was　used　to　optimize　the　structure　and　properties　of　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposites.　The　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposites　were　characterized　by　using　FTIR,　UV-Vis　spectra,　field　emission　scanning　electron　microscopy　(FE-SEM),　transmission　electron　microscopy　(TEM),　thermogravimetric　analysis　(TGA)　and　wide　angle　X-ray　diffraction.　Meanwhile,　the　silver　ions　adsorbability　of　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposites　was　examined　by　a　static　sorption　technique.　It　was　found　that　the　EHL　content　affected　greatly　on　the　structure　and　properties　of　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposites.　The　typical　FE-SEM　and　TEM　images　of　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposite　with　the　EHL　content　of　10　wt%　showed　that　nanoparticles　with　an　average　diameter　of　70　nm　were　obtained.　The　adsorption　capacity　of　silver　ions　onto　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposites　with　the　EHL　content　of　0　wt%　30　wt%　increased　first,　and　then　decreased.　The　maximal　adsorption　capacity　was　up　to　565.　4　mg/g　for　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposite　with　the　EHL　content　of　10　wt%　and　the　initial　silver　ions　concentration　of　0.　05　mol/L.　The　product　of　PANI-Lignin　composite　with　the　EHL　content　of　10　wt%　after　adsorption　was　investigated　by　transmission　electron　microscopy　and　wide　angle　X-ray　diffraction.　The　results　showed　that　silver　nanobelts　with　length　up　to　1　cm,　width　of　0.　220　similar　to　4.　38　mu　m　and　thickness　of　219　similar　to　311　nm　were　achieved　after　adsorption　of　silver　ions　onto　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposite　with　the　EHL　content　of　10　wt%.　This　result　indicates　that　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposite　possesses　a　strongly　reactive　adsorbability　of　silver　ions.　Therefore,　the　successful　preparation　of　the　PANI-Lignin　nanocomposites　can　provide　an　effective　method　to　the　removal　and　recovery　of　silver　ions　from　wastewater.