Ionic　Liquids　(IL)　has　been　recently　immobilized　into　the　pores　of　metal-organic　framework　materials　(MOFs)　to　prepare　heterogeneous　catalyst.　However,　the　IL@MOFs　composites　are　generally　prepared　by　impregnation　method,　which　is　unstable　in　polar　solvents.　So,　we　design　a　new　strategy　to　immobilize　IL,　and　a　novel　Fenton-like　catalyst　[mim(CH2)3COO]FeCl4@UiO-66　has　been　prepared　based　on　the　post-synthetic　ligand　exchange　(PSLE)　between　MOFs　and　monocarboxylic　functional　IL.　The　[mim(CH2)3COO]FeCl4@UiO-66　was　exploited　to　act　as　an　efficient　heterogeneous　catalyst　for　dibenzothiophene　(DBT)　oxidation　in　a　biphasic　system　using　H2O2　as　the　oxidant.　Based　on　optimal　conditions,　the　DBT　removal　efficiency　reached　up　to　99.1%.　Moreover,　the　heterogeneous　catalyst　had　a　good　thermal　and　chemical　stability,　and　the　DBT　removal　efficiency　still　exhibited　over　95%　after　6　recycle　runs.　It　is　worth　noting　that　the　high　DBT　removal　efficiency　could　be　attributed　to　the　synergistic　effect　between　adsorptive　and　oxidative　desulfurization,　where　[mim(CH2)3COO]FeCl4@UiO-66　is　both　an　adsorbent　and　a　catalyst.　©　2020　Elsevier　Ltd