As　one　of　important　building　materials,　the　sustainability　of　cement　production　is　widely　concerned　in　the　world.　This　research　evaluated　the　sustainability　of　China＇s　cement　industry　in　2010　using　emergy　analysis.　Several　emergy　based　indicators　were　adopted　to　describe　the　comprehensive　performance　of　this　system　from　different　angles,　including　Percentage　of　renewability　(%R),　Unit　emergy　value　(UEV),　Emergy　yield　ratio　(EYR),　Emergy　exchange　ratio　(EER),　Environmental　load　ratio　(ELR)　and　Emergy　sustainable　index　(ESI).　The　research　results　show　that　(1)　Mineral　resources　have　absolute　contribution　to　China＇s　cement　production;　(2)　Coal　is　the　main　energy　source　for　China＇s　cement　industry;　(3)　China＇s　cement　industry　has　relatively　weak　competition　ability　due　to　relatively　high　ratio　of　purchased　inputs;　(4)　China＇s　other　industries　have　benefited　greatly　from　this　industry　by　exchanges;　(5)　China＇s　cement　industry　cannot　keep　sustainable　in　the　long　run　due　to　its　high　environmental　load;　(6)　the　UEV　of　Chinese　cement　in　2010　is　3.64E15　sej/t　(based　on　the　emergy　baseline　15.83E24　sej/yr).　Finally,　the　related　policy　implications　are　proposed　from　four　aspects,　including　(1)　Accelerating　the　adjustment　of　process　structure　and　technical　innovation;　(2)　Promoting　the　substitution　of　raw　materials　or　fuels;　(3)　Raising　the　price　of　cement　products;　(4)　Decreasing　the　export　of　cement　products.　©　2016　Elsevier　Ltd