Based　on　the　theory　of　rational　action　(TRA),　overconfidence　theory　(OT),　and　deterrence　theory　(DT),　this　study　explores　the　reasons　for　mobile　phone　use　by　Chinese　students　riding　electronic　bicycles　(e-bikes)　in　Fuzhou　City.　We　tested　the　reliability　and　validity　of　an　extended　TPB,　OT　and　DT　questionnaire　(with　531　eligible　responses)　and　constructed　a　structural　equation　model　of　mobile　phone　use　behavior　while　riding　e-bikes,　based　on　the　improved　model.　The　structural　equation　model　(SEM)　is　used　to　evaluate　the　relationship　between　the　internal　factors　of　mobile　phone　riding　behavior.　The　results　show　that　the　correlation　among　mobile　phone　dependence,　punishment　mechanism,　attitude,　and　controllable　operation　impacts　e-bike　riders＇　behavior　when　using　mobile　phones　while　riding.