High-efficiency　recovery　of　Zn　and　Pb　from　silicon-rich　zinc　leaching　residues　is　realized　in　a　rotary　kiln.　Characterizations　by　means　of　XRD,　SEM,　EDS　and　ICP　reveal　that　the　leaching　residue　contains　12.4　wt.%　SiO2,　16.1　wt.%　Zn,　and　7.4　wt.%　Pb.　Thermodynamic　analysis　shows　that　metallic　vapor　of　Zn　and　Pb　can　be　easily　generated　from　the　zinc　leaching　residue　at　1150−1250　°C　inside　the　rotary　kiln.　Viscosities　and　melting　points　of　13　slag　compositions　were　analyzed　and　three　slag　compositions　(47wt.%SiO2−23wt.%CaO−30wt.%FeO,　40wt.%SiO2−　28wt.%CaO−32wt.%FeO,　and　40wt.%SiO2−30wt.%CaO−30wt.%FeO)　possessed　the　desirable　physical　properties,　with　the　melting　point　and　viscosity　in　the　range　of　1150−1280　°C　and　0.2−0.5　Pa·s,　respectively.　The　industrial　tests　show　that　adopting　the　optimized　slag　composition　can　contribute　to　very　high　recovery　rates　of　Zn　and　Pb　(97.3%　for　Zn　and　94.5%　for　Pb),　corresponding　to　slags　with　very　low　average　contents　of　Zn　and　Pb　(0.51　wt.%　Zn　and　0.45　wt.%　Pb).　The　National-Standard　leaching　tests　of　the　water-quenched　slags　result　in　1.82　mg/L　Zn,　~0.01　mg/L　Cu,　0.0004　mg/L　As,　~0.01　mg/L　Cd,　0.08　mg/L　Pb,　and　~0.02　mg/L　Hg　in　the　leachate,　verifying　the　detoxification　of　the　zinc　leaching　residue　at　the　same　time.　©　2022　The　Nonferrous　Metals　Society　of　China