Rapid　and　efficient　cleaning　of　oily　wastewater　and　high　viscosity　crude　oil　spills　is　still　a　global　challenge.　Conventional　three-dimensional　porous　adsorbents　are　ineffective　for　oil-water　separation　in　harsh　environment　and　are　restricted　to　the　low　fluidity　of　high　viscosity　crude　oil　at　room　temperature.　Increasing　temperature　can　enormously　improve　the　fluidity　of　viscous　crude　oil.　Herein,　the　polydimethylsiloxane　(PDMS)　/carbon　black　(CB)　-modified　polyurethane　sponge　(PU)　were　prepared　by　a　simple　one-step　dip-coating　method.　PDMS/CB@PU　(PCPU)　exhibits　high　adsorption　capacity　to　various　oils　and　organic　liquid　(28.5–68.7　g/g),　strong　mechanical　properties　(500　cycles　at　50%),　outstanding　reusability　(100　cycles　of　adsorption　and　desorption)　and　excellent　environmental　stability　due　to　the　special　PDMS/CB　coating.　The　maximum　surface　temperature　of　PCPU　sponge　can　reach　84.7　℃　under　1　sunlight　irradiation.　Therefore,　the　PCPU　sponge　can　rapidly　heat　and　enhance　the　fluidity　of　viscous　crude　oil,　significantly　speeding　up　the　viscous　oil　recovery　process　with　the　maximum　adsorption　capacity　of　44.7　g/g.　In　addition,　the　PCPU　sponge　can　also　combine　with　the　vacuum　pump　to　realize　the　continuous　and　rapid　repair　of　viscous　oil　spills　from　the　seawater　surface.　In　consideration　of　its　simple　preparation,　cost-effectiveness　and　high　oil　absorption　ability,　this　solar-assisted　self-heating　adsorbent　provides　a　new　direction　for　large-scale　cleanup　and　recycling　of　viscous　crude　oil　spill　on　the　seawater　surface.　©　2022　Elsevier　B.V.