Covalent　organic　frameworks　(COFs)　hold　great　promise　in　constructing　a　new-generation　of　molecular　separation　membranes.　Significantly,　ionic　COF　membranes　endow　novel　functions　distinct　from　those　of　neutral　membranes.　However,　ionic　COF　membranes　generally　suffer　from　extremely　slow　reaction　rates　and　low　yields,　limiting　their　widespread　application.　In　this　work,　a　self-standing　anionic　COF　membrane　was　prepared　by　a　dual-activation　interfacial　polymerization　strategy.　And　the　obtained　anionic　COF　membrane　possessed　a　unique　ordered　pore　structure,　superhydrophilicity,　as　well　as　good　chemical　stability.　Meanwhile,　the　as-prepared　membrane　provided　the　high-efficiency　water　transport　pathways　with　effective　rejection　for　dye　molecules.　As　expected,　the　anionic　COF　membrane　exhibited　an　excellent　water　permeability　of　about　270　L　m−2　h−1　bar−1,　which　was　much　higher　than　those　of　commercial　nanofiltration　membranes,　and　also　approximately　2–15　times　significantly　higher　than　those　reported　for　polymer-　or　neutral　COF-based　nanofiltration　membranes　with　similar　rejection.　Owing　to　the　electrostatic　attraction　between　positively　charged　dyes　and　anionic　COF　channels,　the　rejection　rates　of　cationic　dyes　were　above　96　%.　In　addition,　the　size-exclusion　effect　dominated　rejection　efficiency　of　dyes　with　molecular　sizes　larger　than　COF　channels.　These　findings　provided　a　new　candidate　membrane　for　efficient　dye　wastewater　treatment.　©　2022　Elsevier　B.V.