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author:

Zhu, Zhanyun (Zhu, Zhanyun.) [1] | Wang, Jia (Wang, Jia.) [2] | Yao, Xiuya (Yao, Xiuya.) [3] | Ma, Qinglin (Ma, Qinglin.) [4] | Wang, Juanli (Wang, Juanli.) [5] | Lu, Zhiyong (Lu, Zhiyong.) [6] | Tian, Yunyan (Tian, Yunyan.) [7] | Du, Jianghao (Du, Jianghao.) [8] | Li, Zhimin (Li, Zhimin.) [9] | Zhu, Yan (Zhu, Yan.) [10] | Liu, Liu (Liu, Liu.) [11] | Cao, Jing (Cao, Jing.) [12]

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EI

Abstract:

In this study, a Tara thangka (from a complete set of 21) dating to the mid-Qing Dynasty (1776–1839 CE) at Daxingshan Temple in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China was analyzed using various techniques, including portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (p-XRF), Raman spectroscopy (RS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), optical microscopy (OM), and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Through a multi-analytical methodology, in situ non-invasive testing was complemented with an analysis of a limited number of samples. By complementary evidence derived from the above analyses, it can be determined that the thangka was painted on a hemp substrate, with common colorants such as cinnabar, orpiment, gold, azurite, and malachite, and porcine glue as binding material. These results provided important scientific data for the production crafts of the precious Tara thangkas, contributing to the revelation of its value in art history and enabling conservators to make informed conservation decisions. © The International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works 2022.

Keyword:

Fluorescence spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Hemp Mass spectrometry Molecular biology

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Zhu, Zhanyun]Research and Practice Base of Conservation Science and Engineering, Department of History, College of Humanities, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 2 ] [Zhu, Zhanyun]Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental and Social Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
  • [ 3 ] [Zhu, Zhanyun]Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
  • [ 4 ] [Zhu, Zhanyun]Key Scientific Research Base of Conservation and Restoration for Murals as Collection and Materials Science in State Administration for Cultural Heritage, Shaanxi History Museum, Xian, China
  • [ 5 ] [Wang, Jia]Research and Practice Base of Conservation Science and Engineering, Department of History, College of Humanities, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 6 ] [Yao, Xiuya]Research and Practice Base of Conservation Science and Engineering, Department of History, College of Humanities, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 7 ] [Ma, Qinglin]Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental and Social Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
  • [ 8 ] [Wang, Juanli]Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
  • [ 9 ] [Lu, Zhiyong]Key Scientific Research Base of Conservation and Restoration for Murals as Collection and Materials Science in State Administration for Cultural Heritage, Shaanxi History Museum, Xian, China
  • [ 10 ] [Tian, Yunyan]Research and Practice Base of Conservation Science and Engineering, Department of History, College of Humanities, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 11 ] [Tian, Yunyan]College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 12 ] [Du, Jianghao]Center for Nano Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, China
  • [ 13 ] [Li, Zhimin]Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental and Social Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
  • [ 14 ] [Zhu, Yan]Research and Practice Base of Conservation Science and Engineering, Department of History, College of Humanities, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 15 ] [Liu, Liu]Xiamen Academy of Arts and Design, Fuzhou University, Xiamen, China
  • [ 16 ] [Cao, Jing]Engineering Research Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China

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Source :

Studies in Conservation

ISSN: 0039-3630

Year: 2023

Issue: 6

Volume: 68

Page: 602-613

0 . 8

JCR@2023

0 . 8 0 0

JCR@2023

ESI HC Threshold:39

JCR Journal Grade:4

CAS Journal Grade:4

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count: 0

SCOPUS Cited Count: 1

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 2

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