Studying　the　evolution　of　the　physicochemical　structure　of　coal　during　coal　spontaneous　combustion　(CSC)　by　antioxidants　is　of　great　significance　for　revealing　the　mechanism　of　CSC　and　preventing　it.　The　effects　of　three　concentrations　of　Resveratrol　(RES)　on　the　physicochemical　structure　evolution　of　coal　during　the　low-temperature　oxidation　(L-TO)　process　of　CSC　were　comprehensively　analyzed　through　low-field　nuclear　magnetic　resonance　(NMR),　Fourier　transform　infrared　spectroscopy　(FTIR),　and　scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM)　experiments.　The　results　showed　that　the　pore　cracks　in　the　coal　develop　more　fully　with　the　increase　in　oxidation　temperature.　Besides,　there　was　an　increase　in　porosity　and　permeability,　and　a　full　development　of　pore　throat.　Based　on　the　T1-T2　2D　fluid　identification　results,　it　was　found　that　as　the　oxidation　temperature　increased,　the　adsorption　capacity　and　permeability　of　the　coal　were　stronger.　RES　can　effectively　inhibit　the　CSC　process　of　coal,　with　a　maximum　reduction　of　23　%　in　porosity　and　a　maximum　reduction　of　82　%　in　permeability.　The　hydroxyl　groups　and　CH3/CH2　of　coal　samples　treated　with　RES　decreased　by　a　maximum　of　42　%　and　43　%,　respectively.　The　oxygen-containing　functional　groups　increased　by　a　maximum　of　77　%.　RES　can　not　only　cover　on　the　coal　surface　to　prevent　oxygen　from　seeping　into　the　coal,　but　also　infiltrate　into　the　pores　of　coal　to　inhibit　the　combination　of　the　active　functional　groups　and　oxygen　molecules.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd