The　compositional　profiles　and　health　risks　of　polybrominated　diphenyl　ethers　(PBDEs)　were　analyzed　with　urban　surface　dust　and　soil　samples　from　industrial,　traffic　and　green　areas　in　Shanghai.　The　total　concentration　of　Sigma　8PBDE　in　urban　surface　dust　ranged　from　1.90　to　162　ng/g　with　a　mean　value　of　29.6　ng/g,　while　the　total　concentration　of　Sigma　8PBDE　in　urban　surface　soil　ranged　from　1.09　to　39.9　ng/g　with　a　mean　value　of　9.46　ng/g.　Sigma　PBDEs　have　a　higher　concentration　in　urban　dust　samples　as　compared　to　urban　soil　samples.　Cancer　risks　were　calculated　by　Average　Daily　Dose　(ADD)　for　human　exposure　to　urban　surface　dust　and　soil　containing　PBDEs.　Concentrations　in　Shanghai　were　3.66x10(-4)　and　5.85x10(-5)　for　children,　and　1.58x10(-4)　and　6.44x10(-5)　for　adults.　Meanwhile,　the　health　risk　assessment　has　indicated　that　the　intake　of　PBDEs　via　ingestion　and　dermal　contact　were　higher　than　that　via　inhalation.