The　concentrations　of　PBDEs　in　299　vegetable　and　animal-based　food　samples　of　31　species,　collected　in　Shanghai,　China,　and　the　bioaccessibility　of　PBDEs　in　part　of　the　samples　were　determined.　The　PBDE　concentrations　ranged　from　0　to　1245.4　pg　g(-1)　with　animal-based　food　containing　more　PBDEs　than　vegetables.　The　bioaccessibility　of　PBDEs,　determined　by　a　method　simulating　human　gastrointestinal　digestion　process,　were　from　2.6%　to　39.9%　in　vegetables,　and　from　5.2%　to　105.3%　in　animal-based　food.　For　animal-based　food,　good　correlations　were　observed　between　the　bioaccessibility　of　PBDEs　and　the　fat　content,　thus　the　fat　content　in　animal-based　food　was　able　to　be　used　to　estimate　the　bioaccessibility　of　PBDEs.　The　total　daily　intake　of　PBDEs　via　ingestion　of　vegetables　and　animal-based　food　for　an　average　Shanghai　resident　was　estimated　as　13　235.7　and　13　668.0　pg　d(-1),　respectively,　but　the　amounts　available　for　human　absorption　were　reduced　to　2674.4　and　4316.6　pg　d(-1)　after　the　PBDE　bioaccessibility　was　considered.　Finally,　the　contributions　of　different　food　groups　to　the　total　daily　intake　of　PBDEs　were　evaluated.　The　results　revealed　that,　when　not　considering　the　bioaccessibility　of　PBDEs,　vegetables　were　the　leading　contributor　(49.2%),　followed　by　fish　(34.0%).　However,　the　sequence　was　reversed　after　the　PBDE　bioaccessibility　was　taken　into　account.　The　results　indicated　that　human　exposure　to　PBDEs　via　food　ingestion　might　have　been　significantly　overestimated　and　the　exposure　assessment　could　be　misleading　if　the　bioaccessibility　of　PBDEs　was　not　considered.　(C)　2010　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.