Metal-organic　frameworks　(MOFs)　have　emerged　as　the　versatile　stage　to　synthesize　carbonaceous　materials　with　unique　properties　such　as　large　surface　area,　tunable　pore　size,　and　controllable　composition.　The　carbonaceous　materials　derived　from　MOFs　maintain　their　excellent　structural　advantages　and　enable　in　situ　doping　with　heteroatoms　through　a　simple　process.　Numerous　effects　have　been　devoted　to　develop　MOF-derived　graphitic　carbon　and　heteroatom-doped　carbonaceous　materials　for　energy　conversion　and　storage.　Herein,　we　review　the　nearest　progresses　of　the　fabrication,　characterization,　and　application　of　MOF-derived　graphitic　carbon　with　different　dimensions.　Furthermore,　we　focus　on　MOF-derived　heteroatom-doped　carbon　materials　and　their　applications.　Finally,　we　provide　a　summary　and　outlook　on　their　future　development.　©　2024　Elsevier　Inc.　All　rights　reserved.