The　abnormal　fluctuation　of　temperature　in　vivo　usually　reflects　the　progression　of　inflammatory　diseases.　Noninvasive,　real-time,　and　accurate　monitoring　and　imaging　of　temperature　variation　in　vivo　is　advantageous　for　guiding　the　early　diagnosis　and　treatment　of　disease,　but　it　remains　difficult　to　achieve.　Herein,　we　developed　a　temperature-activated　near-infrared-II　fluorescence　(NIR-II　FL)　and　surface-enhanced　Raman　scattering　(SERS)　nanoprobe　for　long-term　monitoring　of　temperature　changes　in　rat　arthritis　and　timely　assessment　of　the　status　of　osteoarthritis.　The　thermosensitive　polymer　bearing　NIR-II　FL　dye　was　grafted　onto　the　surface　of　nanoporous　core-satellite　gold　nanostructures　to　form　the　nanoprobe,　wherein　the　nanoprobe　contains　NIR-II　FL　and　Raman　reference　signals　that　are　independent　of　temperature　change.　The　ratiometric　FL1150/FL1550　and　S-1528/S-2226　values　of　the　nanoprobe　exhibited　a　reversible　conversion　with　temperature　changes.　The　nanoprobe　accurately　distinguishes　the　temperature　variations　in　the　inflamed　joint　versus　the　normal　joint　in　vivo　by　ratiometric　FL　and　SERS　imaging,　allowing　for　an　accurate　diagnosis　of　inflammation.　Meanwhile,　it　can　continuously　monitor　fluctuations　in　temperature　over　an　extended　period　during　the　onset　and　treatment　of　inflammation.　The　tested　temperature　change　trend　could　be　used　as　an　indicator　for　early　diagnosis　of　inflammation　and　real-time　evaluation　of　therapeutic　effects.