As　a　byproduct　of　oil　and　gas　(O&G)　extraction,　large　volumes　of　produced　water　(PW)　with　complex　compositions　have　a　potential　threat　if　they　are　not　appropriately　managed.　Although　membrane　technologies　are　promising　approaches　for　PW　desalination,　the　widespread　application　of　membrane　desalination　technologies　is　significantly　hindered　by　fouling　and　inorganic　scaling.　The　research　interest　in　membrane　scaling　has　been　proven　by　the　growing　number　of　literature　with　an　average　annual　growth　rate　of　17　%.　Inorganic　scaling　was　impacted　by　various　factors,　mainly　including　operation　conditions,　membrane　properties　and　pretreatments.　Thus,　the　review　summarized　the　latest　research　on　inorganic　scaling　during　PW　treatment　using　membrane　distillation　(MD),　forward　osmosis　(FO)　and　nanofiltration/reverse　osmosis　(NF/RO),　focusing　on　these　influencing　factors.　Moreover,　FO　showed　the　best　resistance　performance　of　inorganic　scaling　in　PW　treatment　by　comparing　MD,　FO　and　RO/NF　processes.　Finally,　the　trade-off　between　scaling　mitigation　behaviors　and　permeate　flux,　exploring　the　effect　of　fouling　on　scaling,　and　studying　the　unknown　risks　of　chemical　agents　on　desalination　could　be　regarded　as　future　research　directions.　It　is　beneficial　for　the　large　market　prospects　of　membrane　processes　in　PW　treatment　by　addressing　membrane　scaling.