Acute　myocardial　infarction　(AMI)　is　one　of　the　top　contributors　to　global　disease　mortality.　AMI　biomarkers,　such　as　cardiac　troponin　I　(cTnI),　are　often　detected　with　enzyme-linked　immunosorbent　assay　(ELISA)　that　suffers　from　several　well-known　drawbacks　such　as　poor　stability　and　slow　and　cumbersome　operation.　Therefore,　it　is　necessary　to　develop　a　new　analytical　technique　that　can　rapidly　analyse　and　detect　cTnI　for　early　screening　of　AMI.　In　this　work,　a　nanoporous　electrochemical　aptamer-based　(E-AB)　sensor　for　rapid　and　sensitivite　detect　of　cTnI　was　designed.　Firstly,　the　aptamer　was　truncated,　and　then　molecular　docking　simulation　and　circular　dichroism　(CD)　were　used　to　screen　for　aptamers　with　significant　conformational　changes　when　binding　to　the　target,　in　order　to　enhance　the　sensitivity　of　E-AB　sensors.　Subsequently,　nanoporous　electrodes　with　active　area　20　times　higher　than　that　of　smooth　electrodes　were　fabricated　by　electrochemical　alloying/　dealloying,　which　enabled　E-AB　sensors　to　obtain　higher　signal-to-noise　ratios,　providing　favorable　assurance　for　the　detection　results.　Under　optimal　conditions,　E-AB　sensors　could　specifically　detect　cTnI　in　serum　and　blood　with　a　detection　limit　of　1　pg/mL.　At　the　same　time,　the　sensor　and　enzyme-linked　immunoassay　(ELISA)　had　identical　detection　results　when　measuring　target　levels　from　real　clinical　samples.　Furthermore,　the　sensor　exhibited　good　reproducibility,　stability,　providing　a　simple　and　low-cost　method　for　detecting　cTnI,　which　is　expected　to　help　early　AMI　patients　obtain　accurate　diagnosis.