Layered　bismuth-rich　oxyhalides　exhibit　broad　light　absorption　and　high　electron-hole　separation　efficiency.　However,　their　photocatalytic　performance　remains　limited　by　high　recombination　rates,　resulting　in　low　quantum　efficiency.　These　challenges　in　interfacial　charge　separation　can　be　effectively　addressed　through　the　strategic　design　of　heterojunctions　and　the　introduction　of　surface　defects.　In　this　study,　a　novel　Z-scheme　Bi24O31Cl10/BiPO4　(Bi-24-P)　photocatalyst　was　synthesized　using　a　straightforward　stirring　method,　incorporating　PO43-　to　enhance　photocatalytic　degradation　efficiency.　The　effects　of　various　preparation　conditions　and　application　scenarios　on　the　photocatalytic　activity　of　Bi-24-P　were　systematically　investigated.　Under　visible　light　irradiation,　the　optimized　Bi-24-P　photocatalyst　(0.1　g/L　dosage)　achieved　an　82.30　%　degradation　rate　for　50　mL　of　20　mg/L　tetracycline　(TC)　within　2　h,　with　a　pseudo-first-order　reaction　rate　constant　twice　that　of　Bi-24　alone.　The　Bi-24-P　catalyst　also　demonstrated　exceptional　salt　tolerance,　reusability,　versatility,　and　broad　spectral　response.　Mechanistic　studies　utilizing　photoelectric　measurements,　density　functional　theory　(DFT)　analysis,　and　scavenger　experiments　revealed　that　the　enhanced　degradation　performance　is　primarily　attributed　to　the　synergistic　coupling　of　semiconductor　interfaces　and　oxygen　vacancies　within　the　composite　catalyst.　This　structure　facilitates　the　formation　of　a　Z-scheme　heterojunction,　optimizing　internal　electron　transfer　pathways.　Additionally,　toxicity　assessments　confirmed　a　significant　reduction　in　water　toxicity　after　photodegradation.　These　findings　offer　valuable　insights　for　the　development　of　BixOyClz-based　catalysts　to　address　the　challenges　of　antibiotic-contaminated　wastewater　treatment.