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The development of efficient and versatile theranostic agents based on a single molecule for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) of hypoxic tumor remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we present a spatiotemporally controllable oxygen-releasing nanoliposomal sonosensitizer (PcA-PFO@FLPs) based on a multifunctional phthalocyanine derivative, which integrates dual-modality imaging guidance for enhanced SDT of hypoxic tumors. The perfluoropentadecyl ether oxygen reservoir enables PcA-PFO@FLPs to exhibit ultrasound-responsive oxygen release, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation at both solution and cellular levels, thereby demonstrating potent sonodynamic activity (IC50 = 1.55 μM) against 4 T1 cells. Notably, the nanosonosensitizer maintains comparable ROS production efficiency in hypoxic and normoxic cancer cells. This robust ROS generation not only triggers mitochondrial membrane depolarization (89.5 % of depolarization rate) and apoptosis but also induces iron-free ferroptosis through lipid peroxidation accumulation and glutathione depletion (65 % of depletion). In vivo fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging confirmed tumor-selective retention with rapid renal clearance, enabling efficient tumor suppression in murine models while maintaining biosafety. Thus, this work establishes a new paradigm for developing versatile nanosonosensitizers for SDT of hypoxic tumors. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
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Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
ISSN: 1011-1344
Year: 2025
Volume: 270
3 . 9 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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