Environmental　smog　pollution　induces　chronic　obstructive　pulmonary　disease　(COPD),　and　causes　the　urgent　need　of　timely,　safe　and　quantitative　testing　for　risk　assessment.　The　miRNA-based　bioanalysis　offers　a　non-invasive　access　to　rapid　COPD　screening,　while　challenges　remain　in　accurately　identifying　miRNAs　from　complex　matrices.　Herein,　a　novel　bionic　aptasensor　has　been　pioneered　for　meeting　the　specific　and　sensitive　detection　of　the　miR-155　in　serum　for　COPD　diagnosis,　integrating　tetrahedral　framework　nucleic　acid　(tFNA)　confined　affinity　recognition　and　enzyme-free　hybridization　chain　reaction　(HCR)　amplification　strategy.　Precision-designed　tFNAs　were　fabricated　and　hybridized　with　FAM-labeled　cDNAs,　enabling　dual-mode　recognition　mechanism　including　spatially　confined　aptamer　recognition　and　bionic　molecular　sieve　size-selective　action.　Proteins　and　pre-miRNAs　were　excluded,　and　the　target　microRNA-155　was　specifically　captured.　This　triggered　a　structural　switch　of　tFNAs　and　activated　cDNA-mediated　HCR,　assembling　double-stranded　DNA　and　achieving　exponential　fluorescence　enhancement　synergistically　produced　by　SYBR　Green　I　(SGI)　and　FAM.　The　optimal　limit　of　detection　as　53　fM　for　miRNA-155　was　achieved　with　laser-induced　fluorescence　(LIF).　Applied　to　COPD　diagnosis,　the　detections　of　trace　miRNA-155　were　satisfactory　and　the　recovery　yields　were　ranged　in　96.4　±　5.2　%　∼106.2　±　2.1　%　(n　=　3)　in　the　serum　of　COPD　patients.　Smoke-exposed　model　rats　were　also　analyzed,　and　the　miRNA-155　was　achieved　with　a　significant　concentration　up-regulation　to　light　the　COPD.　It　offers　a　high-performance　protocol　for　meeting　the　non-invasive　rapid　screening　of　COPD,　further　providing　promising　technologies　for　evaluating　safety　issues　of　environmentally　induced　diseases.　©　2025　Elsevier　B.V.